Exodus 11:3

Posted on March 2, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 11:3 Dabit autem Dominus gratiam populo suo coram Ægyptiis. Fuitque Moyses vir magnus valde in Terra Ægypti coram servis Pharaonis, et omni populo.

  • But the LORD will give favor to His people before the Egyptians. And Moyses was a very great man in the land of Egypt, before the servants of Pharao and all the people.
# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Dabit he will give 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
2 autem but ADV
3 Dominus the LORD NOM.SG.M
4 gratiam favor ACC.SG.F
5 populo to the people DAT.SG.M
6 suo his DAT.SG.M
7 coram before PREP+ABL
8 Ægyptiis the Egyptians ABL.PL.M
9 Fuitque and he was 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND+ENCLITIC
10 Moyses Moses NOM.SG.M
11 vir man NOM.SG.M
12 magnus great NOM.SG.M
13 valde very ADV
14 in in PREP+ABL
15 Terra land ABL.SG.F
16 Ægypti of Egypt GEN.SG.F
17 coram before PREP+ABL
18 servis servants ABL.PL.M
19 Pharaonis of Pharaoh GEN.SG.M
20 et and CONJ
21 omni all ABL.SG.M
22 populo the people ABL.SG.M

Syntax

Clause 1 (Divine Action):
Subject: Dominus
Verb: Dabit — future promise
Object: gratiam
Recipient: populo suo
Location / Sphere: coram Ægyptiis — “before the Egyptians”

Clause 2 (Narrative Statement):
Verb: Fuitque — perfect indicative
Subject: Moyses
Predicate: vir magnus valde
Location: in Terra Ægypti

Further Specification:
coram servis Pharaonis et omni populo — expresses public acknowledgment of Moses’ greatness.

Morphology

  1. Dabit — Lemma: do; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative 3rd singular; Function: divine promise; Translation: “he will give”; Notes: expresses certain future action.
  2. autem — Lemma: autem; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: adversative; Function: introduces contrast or continuation; Translation: “but”; Notes: postpositive.
  3. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: “the LORD”; Notes: refers to YHWH.
  4. gratiam — Lemma: gratia; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: direct object; Translation: “favor”; Notes: denotes goodwill.
  5. populo — Lemma: populus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: indirect object; Translation: “to the people”; Notes: refers to Israel.
  6. suo — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: modifies populo; Translation: “his”; Notes: reflexive possessive.
  7. coram — Lemma: coram; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: spatial relation; Translation: “before”; Notes: indicates presence.
  8. Ægyptiis — Lemma: Ægyptius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural masculine; Function: object of coram; Translation: “the Egyptians”; Notes: refers to Egyptian people.
  9. Fuitque — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative 3rd singular + -que; Function: narrative verb; Translation: “and he was”; Notes: links with previous clause.
  10. Moyses — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: “Moses”; Notes: main figure of narrative.
  11. vir — Lemma: vir; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: predicate noun; Translation: “man”; Notes: describes Moses.
  12. magnus — Lemma: magnus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: modifies vir; Translation: “great”; Notes: expresses standing and esteem.
  13. valde — Lemma: valde; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: modifies magnus; Translation: “very”; Notes: intensifier.
  14. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: indicates location; Translation: “in”; Notes: spatial.
  15. Terra — Lemma: terra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: part of prepositional phrase; Translation: “land”; Notes: geographic location.
  16. Ægypti — Lemma: Ægyptus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: modifies Terra; Translation: “of Egypt”; Notes: genitive of specification.
  17. coram — Lemma: coram; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: indicates presence before; Translation: “before”; Notes: introduces social audience.
  18. servis — Lemma: servus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural masculine; Function: object of coram; Translation: “servants”; Notes: officials or attendants of Pharaoh.
  19. Pharaonis — Lemma: Pharao; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: modifies servis; Translation: “of Pharaoh”; Notes: denotes authority structure.
  20. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: links phrases; Translation: “and”; Notes: additive connective.
  21. omni — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: modifies populo; Translation: “all”; Notes: totality marker.
  22. populo — Lemma: populus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of coram; Translation: “people”; Notes: the general Egyptian populace.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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