Numeri 1:26 (Numbers 1:26)

Posted on April 28, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 1:26 De filiis Iuda per generationes et familias ac domos cognationum suarum, per nomina singulorum a vigesimo anno et supra, omnes qui poterant ad bella procedere,

From the sons of Juda by their generations and families and the households of their clans, by the names of each one from the twentieth year and above, all who were able to go forth to wars,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 De from PREP+ABL
2 filiis sons ABL.PL.M
3 Iuda Judah INDECL
4 per by PREP+ACC
5 generationes generations ACC.PL.F
6 et and CONJ
7 familias families ACC.PL.F
8 ac and CONJ
9 domos houses ACC.PL.F
10 cognationum of clans GEN.PL.F
11 suarum their GEN.PL.F.POSS
12 per by PREP+ACC
13 nomina names ACC.PL.N
14 singulorum of each GEN.PL.M.INDEF
15 a from PREP+ABL
16 vigesimo twentieth ABL.SG.M.POS
17 anno year ABL.SG.M
18 et and CONJ
19 supra above ADV
20 omnes all NOM.PL.M
21 qui who NOM.PL.M.REL
22 poterant were able 3PL.IMP.ACT.IND
23 ad to PREP+ACC
24 bella wars ACC.PL.N
25 procedere to proceed PRES.ACT.INF

Syntax

Source Phrase: De filiis Iuda is a prepositional phrase identifying the tribe under discussion, with filiis governed by De and modified by the proper name Iuda.

Distribution Phrase: per generationes et familias ac domos cognationum suarum describes the genealogical and household divisions used for the census organization.

Method Phrase: per nomina singulorum indicates that the registration was carried out by recording the names of each individual.

Age Qualification: a vigesimo anno et supra specifies the minimum age requirement.

Relative Clause: omnes qui poterant ad bella procedere defines the group included in the census, referring to all those able to go forth to wars.

Morphology

  1. De — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: preposition governing the ablative; Function: introduces the tribal source; Translation: from; Notes: Marks origin or belonging.
  2. filiis — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural masculine, second declension; Function: object of the preposition De; Translation: sons; Notes: Refers collectively to the descendants of Judah.
  3. Iuda — Lemma: Iuda; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: indeclinable; Function: identifies the tribe associated with filiis; Translation: Judah; Notes: One of the twelve tribes of Israel.
  4. per — Lemma: per; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: preposition governing the accusative; Function: introduces the distribution phrase; Translation: by; Notes: Indicates arrangement according to subdivisions.
  5. generationes — Lemma: generatio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: object of per; Translation: generations; Notes: Genealogical divisions.
  6. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable coordinating conjunction; Function: links items in the enumeration; Translation: and; Notes: Standard additive conjunction.
  7. familias — Lemma: familia; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: coordinated object governed by per; Translation: families; Notes: Extended household groups.
  8. ac — Lemma: ac; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable coordinating conjunction; Function: connects another element in the enumeration; Translation: and; Notes: Stylistic variant of et.
  9. domos — Lemma: domus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: coordinated object within the distribution phrase; Translation: households; Notes: Domestic family units.
  10. cognationum — Lemma: cognatio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive plural feminine; Function: modifies domos; Translation: of clans; Notes: Kinship-based subdivisions.
  11. suarum — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: genitive plural feminine; Function: modifies cognationum; Translation: their; Notes: Refers to belonging to the tribe’s members.
  12. per — Lemma: per; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: preposition governing the accusative; Function: introduces the method of registration; Translation: by; Notes: Indicates the procedural means of enumeration.
  13. nomina — Lemma: nomen; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: object of per; Translation: names; Notes: Refers to recorded individuals.
  14. singulorum — Lemma: singuli; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: genitive plural masculine; Function: modifies nomina; Translation: of each; Notes: Emphasizes individual enumeration.
  15. a — Lemma: a; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: preposition governing the ablative; Function: introduces the age qualification; Translation: from; Notes: Marks the lower boundary of the age range.
  16. vigesimo — Lemma: vicesimus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative singular masculine positive; Function: modifies anno; Translation: twentieth; Notes: Specifies the minimum qualifying age.
  17. anno — Lemma: annus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of a; Translation: year; Notes: Used in chronological age expressions.
  18. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable coordinating conjunction; Function: links the phrase to supra; Translation: and; Notes: Forms the idiom indicating “and above.”
  19. supra — Lemma: supra; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable adverb; Function: completes the age qualification; Translation: above; Notes: Includes those older than the specified age.
  20. omnes — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject of the relative clause; Translation: all; Notes: Refers to all eligible individuals.
  21. qui — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: introduces the relative clause; Translation: who; Notes: Refers back to omnes.
  22. poterant — Lemma: possum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural imperfect active indicative; Function: verb of the relative clause; Translation: were able; Notes: Indicates capability or qualification.
  23. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: preposition governing the accusative; Function: introduces purpose or direction; Translation: to; Notes: Indicates movement toward battle.
  24. bella — Lemma: bellum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: object of ad; Translation: wars; Notes: Refers to military engagements.
  25. procedere — Lemma: procedo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active infinitive; Function: complementary infinitive with poterant; Translation: to proceed; Notes: Expresses the action the men were able to perform.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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