Exodus 29:41

Posted on March 20, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 29:41 Alterum vero agnum offeres ad vesperam iuxta ritum matutinæ oblationis, et iuxta ea quæ diximus, in odorem suavitatis:

But the other lamb you shall offer in the evening according to the rite of the morning offering, and according to the things which we have spoken, as a sweet fragrance,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Alterum the other ACC.SG.M PRON INDEF
2 vero indeed / however ADV INDECL
3 agnum lamb ACC.SG.M NOUN 2ND DECL
4 offeres you shall offer 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND 3RD CONJ
5 ad at / in PREP+ACC INDECL
6 vesperam evening ACC.SG.F NOUN 1ST DECL
7 iuxta according to PREP+ACC INDECL
8 ritum rite ACC.SG.M NOUN 4TH DECL
9 matutinæ of the morning GEN.SG.F ADJ POS
10 oblationis of offering GEN.SG.F NOUN 3RD DECL
11 et and CONJ INDECL
12 iuxta according to PREP+ACC INDECL
13 ea the things ACC.PL.N PRON DEM
14 quæ which NOM.PL.N PRON REL
15 diximus we have spoken 1PL.PERF.ACT.IND 3RD CONJ
16 in as / in PREP+ACC INDECL
17 odorem fragrance ACC.SG.M NOUN 3RD DECL
18 suavitatis of sweetness GEN.SG.F NOUN 3RD DECL

Syntax

Main Clause: Alterum vero agnum offeres ad vesperam — evening offering as counterpart to the morning lamb.
Prepositional Construction: iuxta ritum matutinæ oblationis — action performed according to morning ritual.
Coordinated Clause: et iuxta ea quæ diximus — second standard referring back to previously given instructions.
Result/Quality Phrase: in odorem suavitatis — standard sacrificial formula meaning “as a pleasing aroma.”

Morphology

  1. Alterum — Lemma: alter; Part of Speech: pronoun/adjective; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: the other; Notes: contrasts with the morning lamb.
  2. vero — Lemma: vero; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: adds contrastive nuance; Translation: indeed / however; Notes: softens transition to evening rite.
  3. agnum — Lemma: agnus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine, second declension; Function: direct object of offeres; Translation: lamb; Notes: refers to evening sacrificial lamb.
  4. offeres — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative second singular; Function: main verb; Translation: you shall offer; Notes: divine instruction for daily offerings.
  5. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: expresses time when; Translation: at; Notes: sets sacrificial time.
  6. vesperam — Lemma: vespera; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object of ad; Translation: evening; Notes: indicates evening offering.
  7. iuxta — Lemma: iuxta; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: expresses conformity; Translation: according to; Notes: introduces standard for offerings.
  8. ritum — Lemma: ritus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine, fourth declension; Function: object of iuxta; Translation: rite; Notes: refers to liturgical procedure.
  9. matutinæ — Lemma: matutinus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: modifies oblationis; Translation: of the morning; Notes: marks time of prior offering.
  10. oblationis — Lemma: oblatio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: dependent genitive; Translation: of offering; Notes: clarifies nature of ritual.
  11. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: links parallel statements; Translation: and; Notes: coordinates second standard.
  12. iuxta — Lemma: iuxta; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: expresses accordance; Translation: according to; Notes: repeats formula for emphasis.
  13. ea — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: object of iuxta; Translation: the things; Notes: refers to previously given instructions.
  14. quæ — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative plural neuter; Function: subject of diximus; Translation: which; Notes: introduces defining clause.
  15. diximus — Lemma: dico; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative first plural; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: we have spoken; Notes: refers to prior divine instructions.
  16. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: expresses purpose/result; Translation: as; Notes: introduces sacrificial formula.
  17. odorem — Lemma: odor; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of in; Translation: fragrance; Notes: technical term for pleasing offering.
  18. suavitatis — Lemma: suavitas; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: genitive of quality; Translation: of sweetness; Notes: intensifies the acceptance of the offering.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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