Leviticus 5:16

Posted on April 5, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 5:16 ipsumque quod intulit damni restituet, et quintam partem ponet supra, tradens sacerdoti, qui rogabit pro eo offerens arietem, et dimittetur ei.

and he shall restore what he brought in damage, and he shall add a fifth part upon it, giving it to the priest, who praying for him while offering the ram, and he shall be forgiven.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 ipsumque and that very thing PRON, ACC.SG.N + ENCLITIC
2 quod which PRON, ACC.SG.N
3 intulit brought in VERB, 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
4 damni of damage NOUN, GEN.SG.N
5 restituet she shall restore VERB, 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
6 et and CONJ
7 quintam a fifth ADJ, ACC.SG.F
8 partem part NOUN, ACC.SG.F
9 ponet she shall place VERB, 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
10 supra upon PREP+ACC
11 tradens giving PTCP, PRES.ACT.NOM.SG.F
12 sacerdoti to the priest NOUN, DAT.SG.M
13 qui who PRON, NOM.SG.M
14 rogabit shall pray VERB, 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
15 pro for PREP+ABL
16 eo him PRON, ABL.SG.M
17 offerens offering PTCP, PRES.ACT.NOM.SG.M
18 arietem ram NOUN, ACC.SG.M
19 et and CONJ
20 dimittetur he shall be forgiven VERB, 3SG.FUT.PASS.IND
21 ei to him PRON, DAT.SG.M

Syntax

ipsumque quod intulit damni restituet — main action; anima (understood feminine subject) restores the loss.
et quintam partem ponet supra — legal requirement of adding one-fifth.
tradens sacerdoti — circumstantial participle expressing the manner of payment.
qui rogabit pro eo offerens arietem — relative clause describing the priest’s intercession.
et dimittetur ei — passive clause indicating divine forgiveness.

Morphology

  1. ipsumque — Lemma: ipse; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative singular neuter with enclitic -que; Function: object of restituet; Translation: and that very thing; Notes: refers to monetary loss.
  2. quod — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: introduces relative clause; Translation: which; Notes: defines the loss.
  3. intulit — Lemma: infero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect active indicative; Function: action within relative clause; Translation: brought in; Notes: denotes causation of loss.
  4. damni — Lemma: damnum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: objective genitive; Translation: of damage; Notes: specifies type of loss.
  5. restituet — Lemma: restituo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: she shall restore; Notes: legal restitution.
  6. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: joins clauses; Translation: and; Notes: coordination.
  7. quintam — Lemma: quintus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: modifies partem; Translation: a fifth; Notes: legal fraction.
  8. partem — Lemma: pars; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object of ponet; Translation: part; Notes: amount added.
  9. ponet — Lemma: pono; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: main action; Translation: she shall place; Notes: prescribes addition to restitution.
  10. supra — Lemma: supra; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: expresses placement; Translation: upon; Notes: spatial metaphor for addition.
  11. tradens — Lemma: trado; Part of Speech: participle; Form: present active nominative singular feminine; Function: describes manner; Translation: giving; Notes: participle agrees with anima.
  12. sacerdoti — Lemma: sacerdos; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: indirect object; Translation: to the priest; Notes: recipient of payment.
  13. qui — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of relative clause; Translation: who; Notes: refers to the priest.
  14. rogabit — Lemma: rogo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: priestly intercession; Translation: shall pray; Notes: part of atonement procedure.
  15. pro — Lemma: pro; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: benefactive; Translation: for; Notes: intercessory action.
  16. eo — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of pro; Translation: him; Notes: refers to the offerer.
  17. offerens — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: participle; Form: present active nominative singular masculine; Function: describes priestly action; Translation: offering; Notes: present ritual act.
  18. arietem — Lemma: aries; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of offerens; Translation: ram; Notes: guilt offering.
  19. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces consequence; Translation: and; Notes: adds final clause.
  20. dimittetur — Lemma: dimitto; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future passive indicative; Function: divine passive; Translation: he shall be forgiven; Notes: forgiveness formula.
  21. ei — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: indirect object; Translation: to him; Notes: recipient of forgiveness.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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