Leviticus 9:13

Posted on April 9, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 9:13 ipsam etiam hostiam in frusta concisam, cum capite et membris singulis obtulerunt. quæ omnia super altare cremavit igni,

the same victim also cut into pieces together, with the head and each of the members they offered, and all these he burned with fire upon the altar,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 ipsam the same ACC.SG.F.DEM
2 etiam also ADV
3 hostiam victim ACC.SG.F
4 in into PREP+ACC
5 frusta pieces ACC.PL.N
6 concisam cut PTCP.PERF.PASS.ACC.SG.F
7 cum with PREP+ABL
8 capite head ABL.SG.N
9 et and CONJ
10 membris members ABL.PL.N
11 singulis each ABL.PL.N
12 obtulerunt they offered 3PL.PERF.ACT.IND
13 quæ which ACC.PL.N.REL
14 omnia all ACC.PL.N
15 super upon PREP+ACC
16 altare altar ACC.SG.N
17 cremavit he burned 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
18 igni with fire ABL.SG.M

Syntax

Direct Object: ipsam etiam hostiam — the same victim emphasized by etiam
Participial Modifier: in frusta concisam — state of the victim prior to offering
Accompaniment Phrase: cum capite et membris singulis — inclusion of all parts
Coordinated Verb: obtulerunt — action by the assisting priests
Relative Accusative: quæ omnia — sums the totality of what was offered
Main Verb: cremavit — final act of burning
Locative and Means: super altare igni — place and instrument of the burning

Morphology

  1. ipsam — Lemma: ipse; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: accusative feminine singular; Function: intensifies hostiam; Translation: the same; Notes: Emphatic reference to the very victim mentioned.
  2. etiam — Lemma: etiam; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: additive emphasis; Translation: also; Notes: Adds emphasis rather than sequence.
  3. hostiam — Lemma: hostia; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative feminine singular first declension; Function: direct object; Translation: victim; Notes: The sacrificial animal.
  4. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs the accusative; Function: result or state; Translation: into; Notes: Indicates division.
  5. frusta — Lemma: frustum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative neuter plural second declension; Function: object of in; Translation: pieces; Notes: Portions prepared for burning.
  6. concisam — Lemma: concido; Part of Speech: verb participle; Form: perfect passive participle accusative feminine singular; Function: modifies hostiam; Translation: cut; Notes: Indicates completed preparation.
  7. cum — Lemma: cum; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs the ablative; Function: accompaniment; Translation: with; Notes: Introduces included parts.
  8. capite — Lemma: caput; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative neuter singular third declension; Function: object of cum; Translation: head; Notes: Included in the offering.
  9. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Joins components.
  10. membris — Lemma: membrum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative neuter plural second declension; Function: object of cum; Translation: members; Notes: Limbs and parts.
  11. singulis — Lemma: singulus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative neuter plural; Function: modifies membris; Translation: each; Notes: Stresses completeness.
  12. obtulerunt — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural perfect active indicative; Function: main verb of the first clause; Translation: they offered; Notes: Action of Aaron’s sons.
  13. quæ — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: accusative neuter plural; Function: object of cremavit; Translation: which; Notes: Refers to all offered parts.
  14. omnia — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative neuter plural; Function: modifies quæ; Translation: all; Notes: Totality emphasized.
  15. super — Lemma: super; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs the accusative; Function: location; Translation: upon; Notes: Placement on the altar.
  16. altare — Lemma: altare; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative neuter singular third declension; Function: object of super; Translation: altar; Notes: Site of burning.
  17. cremavit — Lemma: cremo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb of the second clause; Translation: he burned; Notes: Complete incineration.
  18. igni — Lemma: ignis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative masculine singular third declension; Function: means; Translation: with fire; Notes: Instrument of the offering.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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