Numeri 16:18 (Numbers 16:18)

Posted on May 13, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 16’18 Quod cum fecissent, stantibus Moyses et Aaron,

And when they had done this, Moyses and Aaron standing,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Quod when CONJ
2 cum with CONJ
3 fecissent they had done 3PL.PLUP.ACT.SUBJ
4 stantibus standing PTCP ABL.PL.M
5 Moyses Moses NOUN ABL.SG.M
6 et and CONJ
7 Aaron Aaron NOUN ABL.SG.M

Syntax

Temporal Clause: Quod cum fecissent — “and when they had done this,” introducing prior completed action

Ablative Absolute: stantibus Moyses et Aaron — “with Moyses and Aaron standing,” giving circumstantial setting

Morphology

  1. Quod — Lemma: quod; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: subordinating conjunction; Function: introduces temporal clause; Translation: when; Notes: here used with cum to form a temporal construction referring to prior action.
  2. cum — Lemma: cum; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: subordinating conjunction; Function: introduces temporal clause; Translation: when; Notes: governs subjunctive verb in narrative context.
  3. fecissent — Lemma: facio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: pluperfect tense active voice subjunctive mood third person plural; Function: verb of temporal clause; Translation: they had done; Notes: indicates action completed prior to main event.
  4. stantibus — Lemma: sto; Part of Speech: participle; Form: present active participle ablative plural masculine; Function: part of ablative absolute; Translation: standing; Notes: describes simultaneous state.
  5. Moyses — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: subject of ablative absolute; Translation: Moyses; Notes: participates in circumstantial clause.
  6. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating conjunction; Function: links nouns; Translation: and; Notes: simple coordination.
  7. Aaron — Lemma: Aaron; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: subject of ablative absolute; Translation: Aaron; Notes: indeclinable form.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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