Numeri 26:20 (Numbers 26:20)

Posted on May 23, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 26:20 Fueruntque filii Iuda, per cognationes suas: Sela, a quo familia Selaitarum: Phares, a quo familia Pharesitarum: Zare, a quo familia Zareitarum.

And the sons of Juda according to their clans were Sela, from whom came the family of the Selaites; Phares, from whom came the family of the Pharesites; Zare, from whom came the family of the Zareites.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Fueruntque and were 3PL.PERF.ACT.IND
2 filii sons NOM.PL.M
3 Iuda Judah INDECL.NOUN
4 per according to PREP+ACC
5 cognationes clans ACC.PL.F
6 suas their ACC.PL.F.POSS
7 Sela Shelah INDECL.NOUN
8 a from PREP+ABL
9 quo whom ABL.SG.M.REL
10 familia family NOM.SG.F
11 Selaitarum of the Shelanites GEN.PL.M
12 Phares Perez INDECL.NOUN
13 a from PREP+ABL
14 quo whom ABL.SG.M.REL
15 familia family NOM.SG.F
16 Pharesitarum of the Perezites GEN.PL.M
17 Zare Zerah INDECL.NOUN
18 a from PREP+ABL
19 quo whom ABL.SG.M.REL
20 familia family NOM.SG.F
21 Zareitarum of the Zerahites GEN.PL.M

Syntax

Main Clause: Fueruntque filii Iuda per cognationes suas introduces the clan divisions descended from Juda.

Prepositional Phrase: per cognationes suas specifies that the descendants are organized according to clan structure.

Genealogical Entry: Sela, a quo familia Selaitarum identifies Sela as the ancestor of the Selaite clan.

Genealogical Entry: Phares, a quo familia Pharesitarum identifies Phares as the ancestor of the Pharesite clan.

Genealogical Entry: Zare, a quo familia Zareitarum identifies Zare as the ancestor of the Zareite clan.

Genealogical Function: The verse records the principal clan founders through whom the tribe of Juda was organized.

Morphology

  1. Fueruntque — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural perfect active indicative with enclitic -que; Function: main verb; Translation: “and were”; Notes: introduces the genealogical enumeration while connecting it to the preceding context.
  2. filii — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine, 2nd declension; Function: subject of Fueruntque; Translation: “sons”; Notes: introduces descendants of Juda.
  3. Iuda — Lemma: Iuda; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: indeclinable singular; Function: dependent identifier modifying filii; Translation: “Juda”; Notes: patriarchal ancestor of the tribe.
  4. per — Lemma: per; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: introduces classification phrase; Translation: “according to”; Notes: indicates arrangement by clans.
  5. cognationes — Lemma: cognatio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine, 3rd declension; Function: object of per; Translation: “clans”; Notes: refers to extended family divisions.
  6. suas — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: modifies cognationes; Translation: “their”; Notes: refers to the descendants of Juda.
  7. Sela — Lemma: Sela; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: indeclinable singular; Function: ancestral founder; Translation: “Sela”; Notes: progenitor of a Judaite clan.
  8. a — Lemma: a; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: introduces ancestry relationship; Translation: “from”; Notes: marks clan descent.
  9. quo — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of a; Translation: “whom”; Notes: refers to Sela.
  10. familia — Lemma: familia; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine, 1st declension; Function: subject of implied genealogical statement; Translation: “family”; Notes: denotes a clan division.
  11. Selaitarum — Lemma: Selaita; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive plural masculine, 1st declension; Function: dependent genitive modifying familia; Translation: “of the Selaites”; Notes: clan name derived from Sela.
  12. Phares — Lemma: Phares; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: indeclinable singular; Function: ancestral founder; Translation: “Phares”; Notes: progenitor of a major Judaite clan.
  13. a — Lemma: a; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: introduces ancestry relationship; Translation: “from”; Notes: marks clan descent.
  14. quo — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of a; Translation: “whom”; Notes: refers to Phares.
  15. familia — Lemma: familia; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine, 1st declension; Function: subject of implied genealogical statement; Translation: “family”; Notes: designates a clan division.
  16. Pharesitarum — Lemma: Pharesita; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive plural masculine, 1st declension; Function: dependent genitive modifying familia; Translation: “of the Pharesites”; Notes: clan name derived from Phares.
  17. Zare — Lemma: Zare; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: indeclinable singular; Function: ancestral founder; Translation: “Zare”; Notes: progenitor of a Judaite clan.
  18. a — Lemma: a; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: introduces ancestry relationship; Translation: “from”; Notes: marks clan descent.
  19. quo — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of a; Translation: “whom”; Notes: refers to Zare.
  20. familia — Lemma: familia; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine, 1st declension; Function: subject of implied genealogical statement; Translation: “family”; Notes: denotes a clan division.
  21. Zareitarum — Lemma: Zareita; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive plural masculine, 1st declension; Function: dependent genitive modifying familia; Translation: “of the Zareites”; Notes: clan name derived from Zare.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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