Numeri 32:22 (Numbers 32:22)

Posted on May 29, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 32:22 et subiiciatur ei omnis Terra: tunc eritis inculpabiles apud Dominum et apud Israel, et obtinebitis regiones, quas vultis coram Domino.

and all the Land be subjected to him; then you will be blameless before the LORD and before Israel, and you will obtain the regions that you desire before the LORD.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 et and CONJ.INVAR
2 subiiciatur be subjected 3SG.PRES.PASS.SUBJ
3 ei to him DAT.SG.M.PERS
4 omnis all NOM.SG.F
5 Terra the Land NOM.SG.F
6 tunc then ADV.INVAR
7 eritis you will be 2PL.FUT.ACT.IND
8 inculpabiles blameless NOM.PL.M
9 apud before PREP+ACC
10 Dominum the LORD ACC.SG.M
11 et and CONJ.INVAR
12 apud before PREP+ACC
13 Israel Israel ACC.SG.M.INDECL
14 et and CONJ.INVAR
15 obtinebitis you will obtain 2PL.FUT.ACT.IND
16 regiones the regions ACC.PL.F.OBJ
17 quas which ACC.PL.F.REL.OBJ
18 vultis you desire 2PL.PRES.ACT.IND
19 coram before PREP+ABL
20 Domino the LORD ABL.SG.M

Syntax

Subordinate Continuation: et subiiciatur ei omnis Terra continues the condition begun in the preceding verse. omnis Terra is the subject of the passive subjunctive subiiciatur, and ei is the dative complement indicating to whom the Land is to be subjected.

Main Result Clause: tunc eritis inculpabiles apud Dominum et apud Israel states the consequence of fulfilling the military obligation. eritis is the linking verb, inculpabiles is the predicate adjective, and the two apud-phrases identify those before whom the men will be regarded as blameless.

Prepositional Phrases: apud Dominum and apud Israel modify inculpabiles. They indicate that the tribes will be free from blame both before the LORD and before the people of Israel.

Coordinated Main Clause: et obtinebitis regiones gives the further consequence. The understood subject is “you,” obtinebitis is the future verb, and regiones is its direct object.

Relative Clause: quas vultis modifies regiones. The relative pronoun quas is the direct object of vultis.

Prepositional Phrase: coram Domino modifies the granting or possession of the regions and places the arrangement before the LORD, under his authority and in his presence.

Morphology

  1. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: Invariable coordinating conjunction; Function: Connects this clause with the preceding condition; Translation: “and”; Notes: It continues the sequence of requirements laid down by Moyses.
  2. subiiciatur — Lemma: subiicio; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: Third person singular, present passive subjunctive, third conjugation; Function: Verb of the continuing subordinate clause; Translation: “be subjected”; Notes: The passive form describes the Land as being brought under dominion, with ei indicating the one to whom it is subjected.
  3. ei — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: Personal pronoun; Form: Dative singular masculine; Function: Dative complement of subiiciatur; Translation: “to him”; Notes: It refers to the LORD, before whom and under whose authority the campaign is conducted.
  4. omnis — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: Adjective; Form: Nominative singular feminine, positive degree, third declension; Function: Modifier of Terra; Translation: “all”; Notes: It emphasizes the complete subjection of the territory.
  5. Terra — Lemma: terra; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Nominative singular feminine, first declension; Function: Subject of subiiciatur; Translation: “the Land”; Notes: Refers to the territory whose conquest is to be completed before the tribes are released from their obligation.
  6. tunc — Lemma: tunc; Part of Speech: Adverb; Form: Invariable adverb of time; Function: Modifies eritis; Translation: “then”; Notes: It marks the point at which the conditions will have been fulfilled and the promised result will follow.
  7. eritis — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: Second person plural, future active indicative; Function: Linking verb joining the understood subject “you” with inculpabiles; Translation: “you will be”; Notes: It states the future status of the tribes after fulfilling their promise.
  8. inculpabiles — Lemma: inculpabilis; Part of Speech: Adjective; Form: Nominative plural masculine, positive degree, third declension; Function: Predicate adjective with eritis; Translation: “blameless”; Notes: It means free from fault or accusation in relation to the obligation they have undertaken.
  9. apud — Lemma: apud; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Invariable preposition governing the accusative; Function: Introduces apud Dominum; Translation: “before”; Notes: It indicates judgment or standing in the sight of the LORD.
  10. Dominum — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Accusative singular masculine, second declension; Function: Object of apud; Translation: “the LORD”; Notes: Refers to YHWH as the ultimate judge of whether the tribes have fulfilled their obligation.
  11. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: Invariable coordinating conjunction; Function: Connects the two apud-phrases; Translation: “and”; Notes: It links divine and communal accountability.
  12. apud — Lemma: apud; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Invariable preposition governing the accusative; Function: Introduces apud Israel; Translation: “before”; Notes: It indicates their standing in the judgment or estimation of Israel.
  13. Israel — Lemma: Israel; Part of Speech: Proper noun; Form: Accusative singular masculine, indeclinable; Function: Object of apud; Translation: “Israel”; Notes: The proper name refers collectively to the people before whom the tribes must also be free from blame.
  14. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: Invariable coordinating conjunction; Function: Introduces the second main consequence; Translation: “and”; Notes: It adds possession of the desired territory to the promise of being blameless.
  15. obtinebitis — Lemma: obtineo; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: Second person plural, future active indicative, second conjugation; Function: Main verb of the coordinated clause; Translation: “you will obtain”; Notes: It expresses successful possession or holding of the territories requested by the tribes.
  16. regiones — Lemma: regio; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Accusative plural feminine, third declension; Function: Direct object of obtinebitis; Translation: “the regions”; Notes: Refers to the territories east of the Jordan which the tribes desire as their possession.
  17. quas — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: Relative pronoun; Form: Accusative plural feminine; Function: Direct object of vultis; Translation: “which”; Notes: It agrees with its antecedent regiones in gender and number while taking the accusative from its function in the relative clause.
  18. vultis — Lemma: volo; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: Second person plural, present active indicative, irregular; Function: Verb of the relative clause; Translation: “you desire”; Notes: It refers to the territory the tribes have requested as their inheritance.
  19. coram — Lemma: coram; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Invariable preposition governing the ablative; Function: Introduces coram Domino; Translation: “before”; Notes: It places the territorial arrangement in the LORD’s presence and under his sanction.
  20. Domino — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Ablative singular masculine, second declension; Function: Object of the preposition coram; Translation: “the LORD”; Notes: Refers to YHWH, before whom the tribes’ promise and possession are to be established.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
This entry was posted in Numeri. Bookmark the permalink.

Comments are closed.