Genesis 46:9

Posted on February 15, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Gn 46:9 Filii Ruben: Henoch et Phallu et Hesron et Charmi.

The sons of Ruben: Henoch and Phallu and Hesron and Charmi.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Filii sons NOM.PL.M
2 Ruben Ruben GEN.SG.M
3 Henoch Hanoch NOM.SG.M
4 et and CONJ
5 Phallu Pallu NOM.SG.M
6 et and CONJ
7 Hesron Hezron NOM.SG.M
8 et and CONJ
9 Charmi Carmi NOM.SG.M

Syntax

Nominative Heading: Filii Ruben (the sons of Ruben) introduces the genealogical list.
Coordinated List: Henoch + Phallu + Hesron + Charmi, joined by repeated et, forming a coordinated nominative series.

Morphology

  1. Filii — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject/head of list; Translation: “sons”; Notes: introduces a genealogical sub-section.
  2. Ruben — Lemma: Ruben; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: genitive of relationship; Translation: “of Ruben”; Notes: indeclinable Hebrew name with Latinized genitive.
  3. Henoch — Lemma: Henoch; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: first member of list; Translation: “Henoch”; Notes: retains Hebrew form.
  4. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: —; Function: coordination; Translation: “and”; Notes: links list items.
  5. Phallu — Lemma: Phallu; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: coordinated noun; Translation: “Phallu”; Notes: traditional Latinized spelling of Hebrew פַלּוּא.
  6. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: —; Function: coordination; Translation: “and”; Notes: continues series.
  7. Hesron — Lemma: Hesron; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: coordinated noun; Translation: “Hesron”; Notes: corresponds to Hebrew חֶצְרוֹן.
  8. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: —; Function: coordination; Translation: “and”; Notes: final connective.
  9. Charmi — Lemma: Charmi; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: concluding member of list; Translation: “Charmi”; Notes: corresponds to Hebrew כַּרְמִי.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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