Exodus 6:3

Posted on February 25, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 6:3 qui apparui Abraham, Isaac, et Iacob in Deo omnipotente: et nomen meum ADONAI non indicavi eis.

who appeared to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob as God Almighty, but My name ADONAI I did not make known to them.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 qui who NOM.SG.M.REL.PRON
2 apparui I appeared 1SG.PERF.ACT.IND
3 Abraham Abraham DAT.SG.M
4 Isaac Isaac DAT.SG.M
5 et and CONJ
6 Iacob Jacob DAT.SG.M
7 in in / as PREP+ABL
8 Deo God ABL.SG.M
9 omnipotente almighty ABL.SG.M
10 et and CONJ
11 nomen name ACC.SG.N
12 meum my ACC.SG.N
13 ADONAI ADONAI ACC.SG.M (INDECL.)
14 non not ADV
15 indicavi I made known 1SG.PERF.ACT.IND
16 eis to them DAT.PL.M

Syntax

Relative clause: qui apparui Abraham, Isaac, et Iacob — modifies the divine speaker; perfect indicative indicates past self-revelation.
Prepositional phrase: in Deo omnipotente — instrumental/identity sense (“as God Almighty”).
Coordinated negative clause: et nomen meum ADONAI non indicavi eis — direct statement contrasting former revelation (El Shaddai) with withheld revelation of the divine name.

Morphology

  1. qui — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of apparui; Translation: who; Notes: refers to the LORD (YHWH).
  2. apparui — Lemma: appareo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: first person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb of the relative clause; Translation: I appeared; Notes: divine manifestation.
  3. Abraham — Lemma: Abraham; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: indirect object; Translation: Abraham; Notes: patriarchal audience.
  4. Isaac — Lemma: Isaac; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: indirect object; Translation: Isaac; Notes: parallel to Abraham and Jacob.
  5. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Function: coordinates names; Translation: and; Notes: simple connector.
  6. Iacob — Lemma: Iacob; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: indirect object; Translation: Jacob; Notes: final member of patriarchal triad.
  7. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: expresses identity (“as”); Translation: in; Notes: formula of divine title.
  8. Deo — Lemma: Deus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of in; Translation: God; Notes: paired with title “almighty.”
  9. omnipotente — Lemma: omnipotens; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: modifies Deo; Translation: almighty; Notes: corresponds to Hebrew “El Shaddai.”
  10. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Function: links two divine actions; Translation: and; Notes: contrast with earlier clause.
  11. nomen — Lemma: nomen; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object of indicavi; Translation: name; Notes: refers to the divine name.
  12. meum — Lemma: meus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: modifies nomen; Translation: my; Notes: expresses divine possession.
  13. ADONAI — Lemma: ADONAI; Part of Speech: proper divine title (indeclinable); Form: accusative singular; Function: apposition to nomen meum; Translation: ADONAI; Notes: the divine title used here instead of the Tetragrammaton.
  14. non — Lemma: non; Part of Speech: adverb; Function: negates indicavi; Translation: not; Notes: emphatic denial.
  15. indicavi — Lemma: indico; Part of Speech: verb; Form: first person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb of second clause; Translation: I made known; Notes: expresses withheld revelation.
  16. eis — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: dative plural masculine; Function: indirect object of indicavi; Translation: to them; Notes: refers to the patriarchs.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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