Exodus 27:7

Posted on March 18, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 27:7 et induces per circulos, eruntque ex utroque latere altaris ad portandum.

and you shall insert them through the rings, and they shall be on each side of the altar for carrying.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 et and CONJ
2 induces you shall insert 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND
3 per through PREP+ACC
4 circulos rings ACC.PL.M 2ND DECL
5 eruntque and they shall be 3PL.FUT.ACT.IND
6 ex from/on PREP+ABL
7 utroque each ABL.SG.M PRON.INDEF
8 latere side ABL.SG.N 3RD DECL
9 altaris of the altar GEN.SG.N 3RD DECL
10 ad for PREP+ACC
11 portandum carrying ACC.SG.N GERUNDV

Syntax

First clause: induces is the main verb, with per circulos as a prepositional phrase expressing the means/location of insertion (“through the rings”).

Second clause: erunt (with enclitic –que) is the verb, and its implied subject is the poles from the previous verse.
The phrase ex utroque latere altaris indicates placement (“on each side of the altar”).
The purpose phrase ad portandum expresses their function (“for carrying”).

Morphology

  1. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: links actions; Translation: “and”; Notes: indicates continuation.
  2. induces — Lemma: induco; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future indicative active second person singular; Function: main verb; Translation: “you shall insert”; Notes: command for assembling the altar.
  3. per — Lemma: per; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: expresses motion through; Translation: “through”; Notes: regular spatial preposition.
  4. circulos — Lemma: circulus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine, 2nd declension; Function: object of per; Translation: “rings”; Notes: refers to bronze rings attached to the altar.
  5. eruntque — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future indicative active third person plural with enclitic –que; Function: verb of second clause; Translation: “and they shall be”; Notes: refers to the poles.
  6. ex — Lemma: e/ex; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: expresses location or source; Translation: “from/on”; Notes: here meaning “on each side of.”
  7. utroque — Lemma: uterque; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: modifies latere; Translation: “each”; Notes: indicates both sides.
  8. latere — Lemma: latus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter, 3rd declension; Function: object of ex; Translation: “side”; Notes: physical side or flank.
  9. altaris — Lemma: altare; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter, 3rd declension; Function: possessive genitive; Translation: “of the altar”; Notes: attaches to latere.
  10. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: expresses purpose; Translation: “for”; Notes: telic preposition.
  11. portandum — Lemma: porto; Part of Speech: gerundive/gerund verbal; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: purpose construction with ad; Translation: “carrying”; Notes: expresses intended function of the poles.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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