Exodus 40:14

Posted on March 31, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 40:14 Fecitque Moyses omnia quæ præceperat Dominus.

And Moyses did all the things that the LORD had commanded.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Fecitque and he did 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
2 Moyses Moses NOM.SG.M.INDECL
3 omnia all things ACC.PL.N.ADJ/PRON
4 quæ which NOM.PL.N.REL
5 præceperat had commanded 3SG.PLUP.ACT.IND
6 Dominus the LORD NOM.SG.M.2ND.DECL

Syntax

Main Clause:
• Fecitque Moyses — “and Moses did”
• omnia — direct object

Relative Clause:
• quæ præceperat Dominus — “which the LORD had commanded”
• quæ = subject
• Dominus = subject of the relative verb
• præceperat = pluperfect action preceding Moses’ obedience

Morphology

  1. Fecitque — Lemma: facio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: and he did; Notes: enclitic -que joins this statement to the preceding narrative.
  2. Moyses — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine indeclinable; Function: subject of fecit; Translation: Moses; Notes: Hebrew name rendered indeclinably in the Vulgate.
  3. omnia — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective/pronoun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: all things; Notes: expresses total obedience.
  4. quæ — Lemma: qui, quæ, quod; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative plural neuter; Function: subject of relative clause; Translation: which; Notes: refers to omnia.
  5. præceperat — Lemma: præcipio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular pluperfect active indicative; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: had commanded; Notes: indicates prior divine instruction.
  6. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine 2nd declension; Function: subject of præceperat; Translation: the LORD; Notes: refers to YHWH.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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