Leviticus 7:10

Posted on April 7, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 7:10 sive oleo conspersa, sive arida fuerint, cunctis filiis Aaron mensura æqua per singulos dividetur.

whether they shall have been mixed with oil, or whether they shall have been dry an equal measure shall be divided to all the sons of Aaron individually.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 sive whether CONJ
2 oleo with oil ABL.SG.N
3 conspersa having been mixed PTCP.PERF.PASS.NOM.PL.N
4 sive or whether CONJ
5 arida dry ADJ.NOM.PL.N
6 fuerint they shall have been 3PL.PERF.ACT.SUBJ
7 cunctis to all DAT.PL.M
8 filiis sons DAT.PL.M
9 Aaron Aaron INDECL.NOUN
10 mensura a measure NOM.SG.F
11 æqua equal ADJ.NOM.SG.F
12 per among PREP+ACC
13 singulos each one ACC.PL.M
14 dividetur shall be divided 3SG.FUT.PASS.IND

Syntax

Conditional Alternatives: sive + conspersa + fuerint / sive arida fuerint — presents two equivalent states of the offering
Dative of Distribution: cunctis filiis Aaron — recipients of the division
Main Clause: mensura æqua (subject) + dividetur (verb)
Distributive Phrase: per singulos — specifies individual apportionment

Morphology

  1. sive — Lemma: sive; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces an alternative condition; Translation: whether; Notes: Used in legal style to cover all possible cases.
  2. oleo — Lemma: oleum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter, second declension; Function: ablative of means; Translation: with oil; Notes: Oil marks certain cereal offerings as enriched.
  3. conspersa — Lemma: conspergo; Part of Speech: participle; Form: nominative plural neuter perfect passive participle; Function: predicate participle with fuerint; Translation: having been mixed; Notes: Refers to flour offerings combined with oil.
  4. sive — Lemma: sive; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces a second alternative; Translation: or whether; Notes: Balances the prior condition.
  5. arida — Lemma: aridus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative plural neuter; Function: predicate adjective with fuerint; Translation: dry; Notes: Describes offerings without added oil.
  6. fuerint — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural perfect active subjunctive; Function: verb of the conditional clauses; Translation: they shall have been; Notes: Subjunctive reflects generalized legal contingency.
  7. cunctis — Lemma: cunctus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: dative plural masculine; Function: modifies filiis; Translation: to all; Notes: Emphasizes equal inclusion.
  8. filiis — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative plural masculine, second declension; Function: indirect object; Translation: sons; Notes: Refers to the priestly descendants.
  9. Aaron — Lemma: Aaron; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: indeclinable; Function: appositional identifier of filiis; Translation: Aaron; Notes: Founder of the priestly lineage.
  10. mensura — Lemma: mensura; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine, first declension; Function: subject of dividetur; Translation: a measure; Notes: Indicates a fixed allotment.
  11. æqua — Lemma: æquus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: modifies mensura; Translation: equal; Notes: Stresses fairness in distribution.
  12. per — Lemma: per; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing the accusative; Function: introduces distribution; Translation: among; Notes: Used with distributive sense.
  13. singulos — Lemma: singulus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: object of per; Translation: each one; Notes: Emphasizes individual allocation.
  14. dividetur — Lemma: divido; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future passive indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: shall be divided; Notes: Passive underscores the rule rather than the distributor.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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