Leviticus 14:21

Posted on April 14, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 14:21 Quod si pauper est, et non potest manus eius invenire quæ dicta sunt, pro delicto assumet agnum ad oblationem, ut roget pro eo sacerdos, decimamque partem similæ conspersæ oleo in sacrificium, et olei sextarium,

But if he is poor, and his means cannot obtain what has been said, he shall take for the guilt offering one lamb as an oblation so that the priest may pray for him, and a tenth part of fine flour sprinkled with oil for a sacrifice, and a sextarius of oil,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Quod but CONJ
2 si if CONJ
3 pauper poor NOM.SG.M ADJ.POS
4 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
5 et and CONJ
6 non not ADV
7 potest is able 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
8 manus means NOM.SG.F
9 eius his GEN.SG.M PERS.PRON
10 invenire to obtain PRES.ACT.INF
11 quæ what ACC.PL.N REL.PRON
12 dicta said ACC.PL.N PTCP.PERF.PASS
13 sunt are 3PL.PRES.ACT.IND
14 pro for PREP+ABL
15 delicto guilt ABL.SG.N
16 assumet he shall take 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
17 agnum lamb ACC.SG.M
18 ad for PREP+ACC
19 oblationem oblation ACC.SG.F
20 ut so that CONJ
21 roget may pray 3SG.PRES.ACT.SUBJ
22 pro for PREP+ABL
23 eo him ABL.SG.M PERS.PRON
24 sacerdos priest NOM.SG.M
25 decimamque and a tenth ACC.SG.F NUM+ENCL
26 partem part ACC.SG.F
27 similæ fine flour GEN.SG.F
28 conspersæ sprinkled GEN.SG.F PTCP.PERF.PASS
29 oleo with oil ABL.SG.N
30 in for PREP+ACC
31 sacrificium sacrifice ACC.SG.N
32 et and CONJ
33 olei of oil GEN.SG.N
34 sextarium sextarius ACC.SG.N

Syntax

Conditional Clause: Quod si pauper est establishes an exception based on means.
Ability Clause: non potest manus eius invenire quæ dicta sunt expresses incapacity to meet prior requirements.
Main Prescription: assumet agnum ad oblationem states the substituted offering.
Purpose Clause: ut roget pro eo sacerdos gives the intercessory aim.
Coordinated Objects: decimam partem similæ conspersæ oleo and olei sextarium complete the offering set.

Morphology

  1. Quod — Lemma: quod; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: transition; Translation: but; Notes: Introduces an exceptional case.
  2. si — Lemma: si; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: conditional; Translation: if; Notes: Opens a condition.
  3. pauper — Lemma: pauper; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative singular masculine positive; Function: predicate adjective; Translation: poor; Notes: Economic condition.
  4. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present indicative active; Function: copula; Translation: is; Notes: Links subject and predicate.
  5. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Adds incapacity clause.
  6. non — Lemma: non; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: negation; Translation: not; Notes: Negates ability.
  7. potest — Lemma: possum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present indicative active; Function: verb of ability; Translation: is able; Notes: Capacity assessment.
  8. manus — Lemma: manus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject; Translation: means; Notes: Idiom for resources.
  9. eius — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: possessive; Translation: his; Notes: Refers to the poor man.
  10. invenire — Lemma: invenio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active infinitive; Function: complementary infinitive; Translation: to obtain; Notes: Ability target.
  11. quæ — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: what; Notes: Refers to required items.
  12. dicta — Lemma: dico; Part of Speech: participle; Form: accusative plural neuter perfect passive; Function: modifies quæ; Translation: said; Notes: Previously prescribed.
  13. sunt — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural present indicative active; Function: auxiliary; Translation: are; Notes: Forms perfect passive.
  14. pro — Lemma: pro; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: purpose; Translation: for; Notes: Introduces offering type.
  15. delicto — Lemma: delictum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of pro; Translation: guilt; Notes: Guilt offering category.
  16. assumet — Lemma: assumo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative active; Function: main predicate; Translation: he shall take; Notes: Prescribed substitution.
  17. agnum — Lemma: agnus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: lamb; Notes: Reduced offering.
  18. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing accusative; Function: purpose; Translation: for; Notes: Direction toward offering.
  19. oblationem — Lemma: oblatio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object of ad; Translation: oblation; Notes: Cultic presentation.
  20. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: purpose; Translation: so that; Notes: Introduces subjunctive clause.
  21. roget — Lemma: rogo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present subjunctive active; Function: purpose verb; Translation: may pray; Notes: Intercessory act.
  22. pro — Lemma: pro; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: beneficiary; Translation: for; Notes: Refers to the man.
  23. eo — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of pro; Translation: him; Notes: The poor man.
  24. sacerdos — Lemma: sacerdos; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: priest; Notes: Ritual officiant.
  25. decimamque — Lemma: decimus; Part of Speech: numeral with enclitic; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: direct object; Translation: and a tenth; Notes: Reduced grain measure.
  26. partem — Lemma: pars; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: apposition; Translation: part; Notes: Specifies portion.
  27. similæ — Lemma: simila; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: modifies partem; Translation: fine flour; Notes: Grain offering substance.
  28. conspersæ — Lemma: conspergo; Part of Speech: participle; Form: genitive singular feminine perfect passive; Function: modifies similæ; Translation: sprinkled; Notes: Mixed with oil.
  29. oleo — Lemma: oleum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: means; Translation: with oil; Notes: Sacrificial preparation.
  30. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing accusative; Function: purpose; Translation: for; Notes: Direction toward sacrifice.
  31. sacrificium — Lemma: sacrificium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of in; Translation: sacrifice; Notes: Grain offering.
  32. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Adds final item.
  33. olei — Lemma: oleum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: modifies sextarium; Translation: of oil; Notes: Liquid offering.
  34. sextarium — Lemma: sextarius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: sextarius; Notes: Reduced oil measure.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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