Leviticus 15:3

Posted on April 15, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 15:3 Et tunc iudicabitur huic vitio subiacere, cum per singula momenta adhæserit carni eius, atque concreverit fœdus humor.

And then he shall be judged to be subject to this condition, when at every moment it has clung to his flesh, and a foul discharge has formed.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Et and CONJ
2 tunc then ADV
3 iudicabitur he shall be judged 3SG.FUT.PASS.IND
4 huic to this DAT.SG.N DEM.PRON
5 vitio condition DAT.SG.N
6 subiacere to be subject PRES.ACT.INF
7 cum when CONJ
8 per through PREP+ACC
9 singula each ACC.PL.N ADJ
10 momenta moments ACC.PL.N
11 adhæserit has clung 3SG.PERF.SUBJ.ACT
12 carni to the flesh DAT.SG.F
13 eius of him GEN.SG.M PERS.PRON
14 atque and CONJ
15 concreverit has formed 3SG.PERF.SUBJ.ACT
16 fœdus foul NOM.SG.M ADJ
17 humor discharge NOM.SG.M

Syntax

Main Clause: Et tunc iudicabitur states the formal determination in the law.
Complementary Infinitive: huic vitio subiacere expresses the condition to which the person is judged to be subject.
Temporal Clause: cum per singula momenta adhæserit carni eius defines the circumstance triggering the judgment.
Coordinated Result: atque concreverit fœdus humor adds the physical manifestation confirming the condition.

Morphology

  1. Et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Continues the legal explanation.
  2. tunc — Lemma: tunc; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: temporal modifier; Translation: then; Notes: Marks the point of judgment.
  3. iudicabitur — Lemma: iudico; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative passive; Function: main verb; Translation: he shall be judged; Notes: Formal legal evaluation.
  4. huic — Lemma: hic; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: dative singular neuter; Function: modifies vitio; Translation: to this; Notes: Points to the specific condition described.
  5. vitio — Lemma: vitium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular neuter; Function: object of subiacere; Translation: condition; Notes: A bodily disorder under legal assessment.
  6. subiacere — Lemma: subiaceo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active infinitive; Function: complementary infinitive; Translation: to be subject; Notes: Expresses subjection to the condition.
  7. cum — Lemma: cum; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: temporal conjunction; Function: introduces temporal clause; Translation: when; Notes: Governs the following subjunctives.
  8. per — Lemma: per; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing accusative; Function: duration; Translation: through; Notes: Indicates continuous extent.
  9. singula — Lemma: singulus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: modifies momenta; Translation: each; Notes: Emphasizes uninterrupted continuity.
  10. momenta — Lemma: momentum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: object of per; Translation: moments; Notes: Small units of time.
  11. adhæserit — Lemma: adhæreo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect subjunctive active; Function: verb of temporal clause; Translation: has clung; Notes: Persistent physical adherence.
  12. carni — Lemma: caro; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular feminine; Function: indirect object; Translation: to the flesh; Notes: Bodily surface affected.
  13. eius — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: possessive modifier; Translation: of him; Notes: Refers to the man under judgment.
  14. atque — Lemma: atque; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: emphatic coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Adds a confirming sign.
  15. concreverit — Lemma: concresco; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect subjunctive active; Function: verb of temporal clause; Translation: has formed; Notes: Indicates development of the discharge.
  16. fœdus — Lemma: fœdus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: modifies humor; Translation: foul; Notes: Characterizes the impurity.
  17. humor — Lemma: humor; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of concreverit; Translation: discharge; Notes: The bodily fluid defining the condition.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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