Leviticus 15:4

Posted on April 15, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 15:4 Omne stratum, in quo dormierit, immundum erit, et ubicumque sederit.

Every bed, on which he shall have slept, shall be unclean, and every place where he shall have sat.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Omne every NOM.SG.N ADJ
2 stratum bed NOM.SG.N
3 in on PREP+ABL
4 quo which ABL.SG.N REL.PRON
5 dormierit he shall have slept 3SG.FUTP.ACT.IND
6 immundum unclean NOM.SG.N ADJ
7 erit shall be 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
8 et and CONJ
9 ubicumque wherever ADV
10 sederit he shall have sat 3SG.FUTP.ACT.IND

Syntax

Main Clause: Omne stratum functions as the subject with immundum erit as the predicate statement.
Relative Clause: in quo dormierit restricts the bed to one used by the affected person.
Coordinated Extension: et ubicumque sederit broadens the rule to any place of sitting.

Morphology

  1. Omne — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative singular neuter; Function: modifies stratum; Translation: every; Notes: Expresses total inclusion.
  2. stratum — Lemma: stratum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular neuter; Function: subject; Translation: bed; Notes: Any sleeping surface.
  3. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: location; Translation: on; Notes: Indicates contact.
  4. quo — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of in; Translation: which; Notes: Refers back to stratum.
  5. dormierit — Lemma: dormio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future perfect indicative active; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: he shall have slept; Notes: Completed action affecting purity.
  6. immundum — Lemma: immundus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative singular neuter; Function: predicate adjective; Translation: unclean; Notes: Ritual status assigned.
  7. erit — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative active; Function: copula; Translation: shall be; Notes: Declares resulting condition.
  8. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Adds a parallel rule.
  9. ubicumque — Lemma: ubicumque; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: general location; Translation: wherever; Notes: Extends impurity to all places of sitting.
  10. sederit — Lemma: sedeo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future perfect indicative active; Function: verb of implied clause; Translation: he shall have sat; Notes: Any act of sitting transmits impurity.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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