Numeri 4:5 (Numbers 4:5)

Posted on May 1, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 4:5 ingredientur Aaron et filii eius, quando movenda sunt castra, et deponent velum quod pendet ante fores, involventque eo arcam testimonii,

Aaron and his sons shall enter, when the camps are to be moved, and they shall take down the veil which hangs before the doors, and they shall wrap with it the ark of the testimony,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 ingredientur shall enter 3PL.FUT.DEP.IND
2 Aaron Aaron NOM.SG.M.INDECL
3 et and CONJ
4 filii sons NOM.PL.M
5 eius his GEN.SG.M
6 quando when CONJ
7 movenda to be moved GERUNDV.NOM.PL.N
8 sunt are 3PL.PRES.ACT.IND
9 castra camps NOM.PL.N
10 et and CONJ
11 deponent they shall take down 3PL.FUT.ACT.IND
12 velum veil ACC.SG.N
13 quod which REL.NOM.SG.N
14 pendet hangs 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
15 ante before PREP+ACC
16 fores doors ACC.PL.F
17 involventque and they shall wrap 3PL.FUT.ACT.IND+ENCL
18 eo with it ABL.SG.N
19 arcam ark ACC.SG.F
20 testimonii of testimony GEN.SG.N

Syntax

Main Clause: Aaron et filii eius ingredientur — future action.

Temporal Clause: quando movenda sunt castra — “when the camps are to be moved.”

Coordinated Clause 1: deponent velum — first action.

Relative Clause: quod pendet ante fores — describes the veil.

Coordinated Clause 2: involventque eo arcam testimonii — second action.

Morphology

  1. ingredientur — Lemma: ingredior; Part of Speech: verb (deponent); Form: third person plural future indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: shall enter; Notes: Deponent with active meaning.
  2. Aaron — Lemma: Aaron; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine indeclinable; Function: subject; Translation: Aaron; Notes: First subject.
  3. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating conjunction; Function: links subjects; Translation: and; Notes: Adds second subject.
  4. filii — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject; Translation: sons; Notes: Joint subject.
  5. eius — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: modifies filii; Translation: his; Notes: Possessive.
  6. quando — Lemma: quando; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: subordinating conjunction; Function: introduces temporal clause; Translation: when; Notes: Time relation.
  7. movenda — Lemma: moveo; Part of Speech: gerundive; Form: nominative plural neuter; Function: predicate with sunt; Translation: to be moved; Notes: Passive necessity.
  8. sunt — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural present active indicative; Function: auxiliary; Translation: are; Notes: Forms periphrastic.
  9. castra — Lemma: castra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural neuter; Function: subject of clause; Translation: camps; Notes: Military encampment.
  10. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating conjunction; Function: links clauses; Translation: and; Notes: Continues sequence.
  11. deponent — Lemma: depono; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural future active indicative; Function: verb; Translation: they shall take down; Notes: Removal action.
  12. velum — Lemma: velum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object; Translation: veil; Notes: Sacred curtain.
  13. quod — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative singular neuter; Function: subject; Translation: which; Notes: Refers to veil.
  14. pendet — Lemma: pendeo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present active indicative; Function: verb; Translation: hangs; Notes: Descriptive.
  15. ante — Lemma: ante; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: spatial relation; Translation: before; Notes: Position.
  16. fores — Lemma: fores; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: object of ante; Translation: doors; Notes: Entrance area.
  17. involventque — Lemma: involvo + -que; Part of Speech: verb + enclitic conjunction; Form: third person plural future active indicative + enclitic; Function: verb; Translation: and they shall wrap; Notes: Action continuation.
  18. eo — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: means; Translation: with it; Notes: Refers to veil.
  19. arcam — Lemma: arca; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object; Translation: ark; Notes: Sacred object.
  20. testimonii — Lemma: testimonium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: modifies arcam; Translation: of testimony; Notes: Covenant reference.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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