Numeri 11:16 (Numbers 11:16)

Posted on May 8, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 11:16 Et dixit Dominus ad Moysen: Congrega mihi septuaginta viros de senibus Israel, quos tu nosti quod senes populi sint ac magistri: et duces eos ad ostium tabernaculi fœderis, faciesque ibi stare tecum,

And the LORD said to Moyses: “Gather to Me seventy men from the elders of Israel, whom you know that they are elders of the people and officers, and you shall lead them to the entrance of the tabernacle of the covenant, and you shall make them stand there with you,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Et and CONJ
2 dixit said 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
3 Dominus the LORD NOM.SG.M
4 ad to PREP+ACC
5 Moysen Moses ACC.SG.M
6 Congrega gather 2SG.IMP.MOOD.ACT
7 mihi to Me DAT.SG.PERS.PRON
8 septuaginta seventy INDECL
9 viros men ACC.PL.M
10 de from PREP+ABL
11 senibus elders ABL.PL.M
12 Israel Israel INDECL
13 quos whom ACC.PL.M.REL
14 tu you NOM.SG.PERS.PRON
15 nosti know 2SG.PERF.ACT.IND
16 quod that CONJ
17 senes elders NOM.PL.M
18 populi of the people GEN.SG.M
19 sint they are 3PL.PRES.ACT.SUBJ
20 ac and CONJ
21 magistri officers NOM.PL.M
22 et and CONJ
23 duces lead 2SG.PRES.ACT.SUBJ
24 eos them ACC.PL.M.PERS.PRON
25 ad to PREP+ACC
26 ostium entrance ACC.SG.N
27 tabernaculi of the tabernacle GEN.SG.N
28 fœderis of the covenant GEN.SG.N
29 faciesque and you shall make 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND
30 ibi there ADV
31 stare to stand PRES.ACT.INF
32 tecum with you ABL.SG.PERS.PRON

Syntax

Main Clause: Dominus is the subject, and dixit is the main verb, with ad Moysen marking the recipient of speech.

Imperative Clause: Congrega mihi septuaginta viros contains the imperative Congrega, the direct object septuaginta viros, and mihi as dative of advantage.

Prepositional Phrase: de senibus Israel specifies the source of the men.

Relative Clause: quos tu nosti modifies viros, followed by a content clause quod senes populi sint ac magistri describing their qualifications.

Second Command: et duces eos ad ostium tabernaculi fœderis uses duces as a subjunctive of command, with eos as object and ad ostium tabernaculi fœderis as direction.

Final Clause: faciesque ibi stare tecum expresses result or command continuation, where facies governs the infinitive stare, and tecum indicates accompaniment.

Morphology

  1. Et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: connects narrative; Translation: and; Notes: continues divine speech.
  2. dixit — Lemma: dico; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: said; Notes: introduces authoritative speech.
  3. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: the LORD; Notes: refers to YHWH.
  4. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing accusative; Function: introduces indirect object; Translation: to; Notes: direction of speech.
  5. Moysen — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of ad; Translation: Moses; Notes: recipient of instruction.
  6. Congrega — Lemma: congrego; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 2nd person singular present active imperative; Function: command; Translation: gather; Notes: direct divine instruction.
  7. mihi — Lemma: ego; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: dative singular; Function: dative of advantage; Translation: to Me; Notes: indicates purpose for God.
  8. septuaginta — Lemma: septuaginta; Part of Speech: numeral; Form: indeclinable; Function: modifies viros; Translation: seventy; Notes: fixed numeral form.
  9. viros — Lemma: vir; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: men; Notes: leaders chosen.
  10. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: source; Translation: from; Notes: origin of selection.
  11. senibus — Lemma: senex; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural masculine; Function: object of de; Translation: elders; Notes: denotes leadership.
  12. Israel — Lemma: Israel; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: indeclinable; Function: genitive relation; Translation: Israel; Notes: identifies nation.
  13. quos — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: introduces clause; Translation: whom; Notes: refers to viros.
  14. tu — Lemma: tu; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: nominative singular; Function: subject; Translation: you; Notes: emphatic.
  15. nosti — Lemma: nosco; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 2nd person singular perfect active indicative; Function: verb; Translation: know; Notes: perfect with present meaning.
  16. quod — Lemma: quod; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces content clause; Translation: that; Notes: explanatory clause.
  17. senes — Lemma: senex; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: predicate nominative; Translation: elders; Notes: confirms status.
  18. populi — Lemma: populus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: dependent genitive; Translation: of the people; Notes: defines group.
  19. sint — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person plural present subjunctive; Function: verb of clause; Translation: they are; Notes: subjunctive in indirect statement.
  20. ac — Lemma: ac; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: links terms; Translation: and; Notes: slightly stronger than et.
  21. magistri — Lemma: magister; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: predicate; Translation: officers; Notes: leaders or officials.
  22. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: continues command.
  23. duces — Lemma: duco; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 2nd person singular present active subjunctive; Function: jussive; Translation: you may lead; Notes: softened command.
  24. eos — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: them; Notes: refers to the seventy men.
  25. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing accusative; Function: direction; Translation: to; Notes: movement.
  26. ostium — Lemma: ostium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of ad; Translation: entrance; Notes: location marker.
  27. tabernaculi — Lemma: tabernaculum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: modifies ostium; Translation: of the tabernacle; Notes: sacred structure.
  28. fœderis — Lemma: fœdus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: modifies tabernaculi; Translation: of the covenant; Notes: divine agreement.
  29. faciesque — Lemma: facio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 2nd person singular future active indicative; Function: command continuation; Translation: and you shall make; Notes: enclitic -que joins actions.
  30. ibi — Lemma: ibi; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: location; Translation: there; Notes: refers to tabernacle area.
  31. stare — Lemma: sto; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active infinitive; Function: complement of facies; Translation: to stand; Notes: indicates positioning.
  32. tecum — Lemma: tu; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: ablative singular with enclitic -cum; Function: accompaniment; Translation: with you; Notes: expresses association.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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