Numeri 16:35 (Numbers 16:35)

Posted on May 13, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 16:35 Sed et ignis egressus a Domino, interfecit ducentos quinquaginta viros, qui offerebant incensum.

Then also fire went out from the LORD, and it killed two hundred fifty men who were offering incense.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Sed but CONJ
2 et also CONJ
3 ignis fire NOM.SG.M
4 egressus having gone out NOM.SG.M.PTCP.PERF
5 a from PREP+ABL
6 Domino LORD ABL.SG.M
7 interfecit killed 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
8 ducentos two hundred ACC.PL.M
9 quinquaginta fifty INDECL
10 viros men ACC.PL.M
11 qui who NOM.PL.M.REL
12 offerebant were offering 3PL.IMP.ACT.IND
13 incensum incense ACC.SG.N

Syntax

Main Clause: ignis (subject) + interfecit (verb) + ducentos quinquaginta viros (object)

Participial Phrase: egressus a Domino — modifies ignis, indicating source.

Relative Clause: qui offerebant incensum — modifies viros, describing their action.

Morphology

  1. Sed — Lemma: sed; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating conjunction; Function: introduces contrast; Translation: but; Notes: contrasts with previous outcome.
  2. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating conjunction; Function: adds emphasis; Translation: also; Notes: intensifies addition.
  3. ignis — Lemma: ignis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: fire; Notes: agent of destruction.
  4. egressus — Lemma: egredior; Part of Speech: verb; Form: nominative singular masculine perfect participle deponent; Function: modifies ignis; Translation: having gone out; Notes: deponent form with active meaning.
  5. a — Lemma: a; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: expresses source; Translation: from; Notes: indicates origin.
  6. Domino — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of preposition; Translation: LORD; Notes: refers to YHWH.
  7. interfecit — Lemma: interficio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: killed; Notes: completed decisive action.
  8. ducentos — Lemma: ducenti; Part of Speech: numeral adjective; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: modifies viros; Translation: two hundred; Notes: part of compound number.
  9. quinquaginta — Lemma: quinquaginta; Part of Speech: numeral; Form: indeclinable; Function: modifies viros; Translation: fifty; Notes: completes total number.
  10. viros — Lemma: vir; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: men; Notes: adult males emphasized.
  11. qui — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: nominative plural masculine relative; Function: introduces relative clause; Translation: who; Notes: refers to viros.
  12. offerebant — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural imperfect active indicative; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: were offering; Notes: continuous past action.
  13. incensum — Lemma: incensum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: incense; Notes: ritual substance.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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