Numeri 18:28 (Numbers 18:28)

Posted on May 15, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 18:28 et universis quorum accipitis primitias, offerte Domino, et date Aaron sacerdoti.

and from all things of which you receive the firstfruits, offer to the LORD, and give to Aaron the priest.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 et and CONJ
2 universis all things ABL.PL.N
3 quorum of which GEN.PL.N.REL
4 accipitis you receive 2PL.PRES.ACT.IND
5 primitias firstfruits ACC.PL.F
6 offerte offer 2PL.PRES.ACT.IMP.MOOD
7 Domino to LORD DAT.SG.M
8 et and CONJ
9 date give 2PL.PRES.ACT.IMP.MOOD
10 Aaron Aaron DAT.SG.M
11 sacerdoti to priest DAT.SG.M

Syntax

Main Imperative Clause: offerte Domino
→ offerte (imperative verb)
→ Domino (dative indirect object)

Relative Construction: universis quorum accipitis primitias
→ universis (ablative of source or reference)
→ quorum (relative genitive)
→ accipitis (verb)
→ primitias (direct object)

Coordinated Imperative Clause: date Aaron sacerdoti
→ date (imperative verb)
→ Aaron sacerdoti (double dative expression identifying recipient)

Morphology

  1. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating conjunction; Function: joins clauses; Translation: and; Notes: additive connective.
  2. universis — Lemma: universus; Part of Speech: adjective used substantively; Form: ablative plural neuter; Function: ablative of source or reference; Translation: all things; Notes: refers broadly to all produce or goods.
  3. quorum — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: genitive plural neuter; Function: dependent genitive in relative clause; Translation: of which; Notes: refers back to universis.
  4. accipitis — Lemma: accipio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active indicative, second person plural; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: you receive; Notes: denotes reception of sacred produce.
  5. primitias — Lemma: primitiae; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine, first declension; Function: direct object of accipitis; Translation: firstfruits; Notes: consecrated first portions.
  6. offerte — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active imperative, second person plural; Function: imperative verb; Translation: offer; Notes: command for sacred presentation.
  7. Domino — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular masculine, second declension; Function: indirect object; Translation: to LORD; Notes: refers to YHWH as recipient.
  8. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating conjunction; Function: joins imperative clauses; Translation: and; Notes: additive connection.
  9. date — Lemma: do; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active imperative, second person plural; Function: imperative verb; Translation: give; Notes: command of transfer or presentation.
  10. Aaron — Lemma: Aaron; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: dative singular masculine, indeclinable; Function: indirect object; Translation: Aaron; Notes: high priestly recipient.
  11. sacerdoti — Lemma: sacerdos; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular masculine, third declension; Function: appositional dative modifying Aaron; Translation: to priest; Notes: identifies Aaron’s office.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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