Exodus 10:2

Posted on March 1, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 10:2 et narres in auribus filii tui, et nepotum tuorum, quoties contriverim Ægyptios, et signa mea fecerim in eis: et sciatis quia ego Dominus.

and you may relate in the ears of your son and of your grandchildren how many times I have shattered the Egyptians, and the signs that I have done among them, and that you may know that I am the LORD.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 et and CONJ
2 narres you may tell 2SG.PRES.ACT.SUBJ
3 in in PREP+ABL
4 auribus ears ABL.PL.F
5 filii of your son GEN.SG.M
6 tui your GEN.SG.M
7 et and CONJ
8 nepotum of the grandchildren GEN.PL.M
9 tuorum your GEN.PL.M
10 quoties how many times ADV.INT
11 contriverim I have shattered 1SG.PERF.ACT.SUBJ
12 Ægyptios Egyptians ACC.PL.M
13 et and CONJ
14 signa signs ACC.PL.N
15 mea my ACC.PL.N
16 fecerim I have done 1SG.PERF.ACT.SUBJ
17 in among PREP+ABL
18 eis them ABL.PL.M
19 et and CONJ
20 sciatis you may know 2PL.PRES.ACT.SUBJ
21 quia that CONJ
22 ego I NOM.SG.PRON
23 Dominus LORD NOM.SG.M

Syntax

Coordinated Purpose Clauses:
et narres … et sciatis — both verbs are subjunctive expressing divine purpose.

First Purpose Clause:
narres in auribus filii tui et nepotum tuorum — “that you may tell in the ears of your son and of your grandchildren.”
in auribus — locative sense;
filii tui and nepotum tuorum — possessive genitives.

Object of narres:
quoties contriverim Ægyptios — indirect statement beginning with interrogative adverb “how many times.”

Second Object:
et signa mea fecerim in eis — parallel perfect subjunctive describing divine actions.

Second Purpose Clause:
et sciatis quia ego Dominus — “and that you may know that I am the LORD.”
quia introduces the content clause: divine self-identification.

Morphology

  1. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: links clauses; Translation: “and”; Notes: joins purpose clauses.
  2. narres — Lemma: narro; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 2nd person singular present active subjunctive; Function: verb of purpose clause; Translation: “you may tell”; Notes: subjunctive expresses divine intention.
  3. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: indicates location; Translation: “in”; Notes: locative nuance.
  4. auribus — Lemma: auris; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural feminine; Function: object of in; Translation: “ears”; Notes: idiom “in auribus” = “in the hearing of.”
  5. filii — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: possessive genitive; Translation: “of your son”; Notes: modifies auribus.
  6. tui — Lemma: tuus; Part of Speech: adjective/pronoun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: possessive modifier; Translation: “your”; Notes: agrees with filii.
  7. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: links second genitive phrase; Translation: “and”; Notes: adds grandchildren.
  8. nepotum — Lemma: nepos; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive plural masculine; Function: possessive; Translation: “of the grandchildren”; Notes: second group of descendants.
  9. tuorum — Lemma: tuus; Part of Speech: adjective/pronoun; Form: genitive plural masculine; Function: modifies nepotum; Translation: “your”; Notes: agrees in case, number, gender.
  10. quoties — Lemma: quoties; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: interrogative/relative adverb; Function: introduces indirect question; Translation: “how many times”; Notes: governs subjunctive.
  11. contriverim — Lemma: confringo / contrīto (Vulgate sense “shatter, crush”); Part of Speech: verb; Form: 1st person singular perfect active subjunctive; Function: verb of indirect question; Translation: “I have shattered”; Notes: perfect refers to completed punitive acts.
  12. Ægyptios — Lemma: Ægyptius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: “Egyptians”; Notes: ethnic designation.
  13. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: adds second clause; Translation: “and”; Notes: parallels contriverim with fecerim.
  14. signa — Lemma: signum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: object of fecerim; Translation: “signs”; Notes: refers to miracles.
  15. mea — Lemma: meus; Part of Speech: adjective/pronoun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: modifies signa; Translation: “my”; Notes: emphasizes divine origin.
  16. fecerim — Lemma: facio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 1st person singular perfect active subjunctive; Function: verb of second indirect statement; Translation: “I have done”; Notes: parallels contriverim.
  17. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: indicates sphere/among; Translation: “among”; Notes: locative nuance.
  18. eis — Lemma: is (id); Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: ablative plural masculine; Function: object of in; Translation: “them”; Notes: refers to Egyptians.
  19. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: introduces second purpose; Translation: “and”; Notes: links parallel outcomes.
  20. sciatis — Lemma: scio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 2nd person plural present active subjunctive; Function: verb of final clause; Translation: “you may know”; Notes: expresses divine didactic purpose.
  21. quia — Lemma: quia; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: subordinating; Function: introduces content clause; Translation: “that”; Notes: clarifies object of knowledge.
  22. ego — Lemma: ego; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: nominative singular; Function: subject of Dominus clause; Translation: “I”; Notes: emphatic self-identification.
  23. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: predicate nominative; Translation: “LORD”; Notes: refers to YHWH.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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