Exodus 16:11

Posted on March 7, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 16:11 Locutus est autem Dominus ad Moysen, dicens:

But the LORD spoke to Moyses, saying:

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Locutus having spoken PTCP.PERF.PASS.NOM.SG.M
2 est he has 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
3 autem but ADV
4 Dominus LORD NOM.SG.M
5 ad to PREP+ACC
6 Moysen Moses ACC.SG.M
7 dicens saying PTCP.PRES.ACT.NOM.SG.M

Syntax

Main Clause: Locutus est Dominus — perfect periphrastic; Dominus is subject; Locutus est expresses “the LORD spoke.”
Indirect Object: ad Moysen — recipient of divine speech.
Supplementary Participle: dicens — introduces the content of the upcoming speech.

Morphology

  1. Locutus — Lemma: loquor; Part of Speech: verb (deponent); Form: perfect participle passive, nominative singular masculine; Function: with est forms perfect periphrastic; Translation: “having spoken”; Notes: deponent participle with active meaning.
  2. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active indicative, 3rd person singular; Function: auxiliary verb; Translation: “he has”; Notes: completes periphrastic construction.
  3. autem — Lemma: autem; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: mild adversative; Translation: “but”; Notes: always postpositive.
  4. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: “LORD”; Notes: refers to YHWH.
  5. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: marks indirect object; Translation: “to”; Notes: expresses direction of speech.
  6. Moysen — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of ad; Translation: “Moses”; Notes: proper name.
  7. dicens — Lemma: dico; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active participle, nominative singular masculine; Function: introduces upcoming direct speech; Translation: “saying”; Notes: common formula for divine speech.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
This entry was posted in Exodus. Bookmark the permalink.

Comments are closed.