Exodus 24:14

Posted on March 15, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 24:14 senioribus ait: Expectate hic donec revertamur ad vos. Habetis Aaron et Hur vobiscum: si quid natum fuerit quæstionis, referetis ad eos.

and he said to the elders, “Wait here until we return to you. You have Aaron and Hur with you; if anything should arise of a question, you shall bring it to them.”

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 senioribus to the elders DAT.PL.M 3RD DECL
2 ait he said 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
3 Expectate wait 2PL.PRES.ACT.IMP.MOOD
4 hic here ADV
5 donec until CONJ
6 revertamur we return 1PL.PRES.SUBJ.DEP
7 ad to PREP+ACC
8 vos you ACC.PL PRON PERS
9 Habetis you have 2PL.PRES.ACT.IND
10 Aaron Aaron ACC.SG.M INDECL
11 et and CONJ
12 Hur Hur ACC.SG.M INDECL
13 vobiscum with you ABL.PL PRON PERS + CUM
14 si if CONJ
15 quid anything NOM/ACC.SG.N PRON INDEF
16 natum arisen NOM.SG.N PTCP.PERF.PASS
17 fuerit should have been 3SG.FUTP.ACT.IND
18 quæstionis of a question GEN.SG.F 3RD DECL
19 referetis you shall bring 2PL.FUT.ACT.IND
20 ad to PREP+ACC
21 eos them ACC.PL.M PRON PERS

Syntax

Address to Elders:
senioribus ait — “he said to the elders.”
• senioribus = indirect object.
• ait = main verb.

Command:
Expectate hic — “wait here.”
• imperative directed to the elders.

Temporal Clause:
donec revertamur ad vos — “until we return to you.”
• donec introduces temporal expectation.
• revertamur = subjunctive for anticipated future action.

Second Main Statement:
Habetis Aaron et Hur vobiscum — “You have Aaron and Hur with you.”
• Habetis = present reality.
• vobiscum = “with you.”

Conditional Clause:
si quid natum fuerit quæstionis —
“if anything should arise of a question.”
• natum fuerit = future perfect.
• quæstionis = genitive of specification.

Apodosis:
referetis ad eos — “you shall bring it to them.”
• future indicative expressing obligation.

Morphology

  1. senioribus — Lemma: senior; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative plural masculine, third declension; Function: indirect object; Translation: to the elders; Notes: addressed group.
  2. ait — Lemma: aio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active indicative, 3rd singular; Function: introduces direct speech; Translation: he said; Notes: common speech verb.
  3. Expectate — Lemma: expecto; Part of Speech: verb; Form: imperative, present active, 2nd plural; Function: command; Translation: wait; Notes: plural command.
  4. hic — Lemma: hic; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: locative; Translation: here; Notes: indicates place.
  5. donec — Lemma: donec; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces temporal clause; Translation: until; Notes: future-subjunctive expectation.
  6. revertamur — Lemma: revertor; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present subjunctive, first plural, deponent; Function: verb of temporal clause; Translation: we return; Notes: deponent form.
  7. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: + accusative; Function: direction; Translation: to; Notes: governs vos.
  8. vos — Lemma: vos; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative plural; Function: object of ad; Translation: you; Notes: addressed group.
  9. Habetis — Lemma: habeo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active indicative, 2nd plural; Function: main predicate; Translation: you have; Notes: statement of provision.
  10. Aaron — Lemma: Aaron; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: accusative singular masculine (indeclinable); Function: direct object; Translation: Aaron; Notes: preserved in English.
  11. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: joins names; Translation: and; Notes: additive.
  12. Hur — Lemma: Hur; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: accusative singular masculine (indeclinable); Function: object; Translation: Hur; Notes: preserved in English.
  13. vobiscum — Lemma: vos + cum; Part of Speech: pronoun + enclitic; Form: ablative plural; Function: accompaniment; Translation: with you; Notes: strengthened form of cum vobis.
  14. si — Lemma: si; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces condition; Translation: if; Notes: conditional protasis.
  15. quid — Lemma: quis/quid; Part of Speech: indefinite pronoun; Form: nominative/accusative singular neuter; Function: subject of natum fuerit; Translation: anything; Notes: unspecified matter.
  16. natum — Lemma: nascor; Part of Speech: participle; Form: nominative singular neuter, perfect passive participle; Function: with fuerit in compound verb; Translation: arisen; Notes: idiomatic phrase.
  17. fuerit — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future perfect active indicative, 3rd singular; Function: verb of condition; Translation: shall have been; Notes: anticipatory condition.
  18. quæstionis — Lemma: quæstio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: genitive of description; Translation: of a question; Notes: legal dispute.
  19. referetis — Lemma: refero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative, 2nd plural; Function: apodosis; Translation: you shall bring; Notes: obligation.
  20. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: + accusative; Function: direction; Translation: to; Notes: governs eos.
  21. eos — Lemma: is, ea, id; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: object of referetis; Translation: them; Notes: Aaron and Hur.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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