Exodus 26:24

Posted on March 17, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 26:24 Eruntque coniunctæ a deorsum usque sursum, et una omnes compago retinebit. Duabus quoque tabulis quæ in angulis ponendæ sunt, similis iunctura servabitur.

And they shall be joined from below all the way to above, and one binding shall hold them all together. Likewise for the two boards which are to be placed at the corners, a similar joint shall be maintained.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Eruntque and they shall be 3PL.FUT.ACT.IND, IRREG (sum) + CONJ
2 coniunctæ joined NOM.PL.F, PTCP.PERF.PASS, 3RD CONJ
3 a from PREP+ABL
4 deorsum below ADV, INDECL
5 usque all the way ADV, INDECL
6 sursum above ADV, INDECL
7 et and CONJ, INDECL
8 una one NOM.SG.F, ADJ/PRON
9 omnes all ACC.PL.F, ADJ/PRON
10 compago joint/binding NOM.SG.F, NOUN, 3RD DECL
11 retinebit shall hold 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND, 2ND CONJ
12 Duabus for the two DAT.PL.F, NUM.ADJ
13 quoque also ADV, INDECL
14 tabulis boards DAT.PL.F, NOUN, 1ST DECL
15 quæ which NOM.PL.F, PRON.REL
16 in in/at PREP+ABL
17 angulis corners ABL.PL.M, NOUN, 3RD DECL
18 ponendæ to be placed NOM.PL.F, GERUNDV.FUT.PASS, 2ND CONJ
19 sunt are 3PL.PRES.ACT.IND, IRREG (sum)
20 similis similar NOM.SG.F, ADJ, 3RD DECL
21 iunctura joint NOM.SG.F, NOUN, 1ST DECL
22 servabitur shall be maintained 3SG.FUT.PASS.IND, 1ST CONJ

Syntax

Main clause 1:
• Eruntque coniunctæ — “and they shall be joined”
— refers to the six boards plus the two corner boards
— coniunctæ = predicate adjective with passive sense.

Prepositional/Adverbial sequence:
• a deorsum usque sursum — “from below all the way to above”
— describes full vertical joining of the boards.

Main clause 2:
• una omnes compago retinebit — “one joint shall hold them all together”
— compago = subject
— omnes = object (“all [the boards]”)
— retinebit = future indicative.

Second sentence:
• Duabus quoque tabulis … similis iunctura servabitur
— Dative of reference: Duabus tabulis (“for the two boards”)
— quæ … ponendæ sunt = relative clause with gerundive of obligation
— similis iunctura = subject
— servabitur = future passive.

Morphology

  1. Eruntque — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb + enclitic; Form: 3rd person plural future active indicative + -que; Function: main verb; Translation: and they shall be; Notes: -que ties this clause to the previous specifications.
  2. coniunctæ — Lemma: coniungo; Part of Speech: participle; Form: nominative plural feminine perfect passive participle; Function: predicate adjective; Translation: joined; Notes: describes how the boards are connected.
  3. a — Lemma: a/ab; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: expresses origin; Translation: from; Notes: spatial.
  4. deorsum — Lemma: deorsum; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: indicates lower point; Translation: below; Notes: directional adverb.
  5. usque — Lemma: usque; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: intensifies extent; Translation: all the way; Notes: often used with spatial terms.
  6. sursum — Lemma: sursum; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: upper extent; Translation: above; Notes: directional.
  7. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: simple connective.
  8. una — Lemma: unus; Part of Speech: adjective/pronoun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject modifier; Translation: one; Notes: identifies a single structural joint.
  9. omnes — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective/pronoun; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: direct object; Translation: all; Notes: refers to all boards.
  10. compago — Lemma: compago; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject; Translation: joint; Notes: architectural term for a structural binding.
  11. retinebit — Lemma: retineo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: shall hold; Notes: describes stabilizing force.
  12. Duabus — Lemma: duo; Part of Speech: numeral adjective; Form: dative plural feminine; Function: dative of reference; Translation: for the two; Notes: refers to corner boards.
  13. quoque — Lemma: quoque; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: adds “also”; Translation: also; Notes: parallels main set of boards.
  14. tabulis — Lemma: tabula; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative plural feminine; Function: indirect object; Translation: boards; Notes: structural planks.
  15. quæ — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative plural feminine; Function: subject of gerundive phrase; Translation: which; Notes: refers to the two boards.
  16. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: locational; Translation: in/at; Notes: marks placement area.
  17. angulis — Lemma: angulus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural masculine; Function: object of in; Translation: corners; Notes: physical join at the rear.
  18. ponendæ — Lemma: pono; Part of Speech: gerundive; Form: nominative plural feminine; Function: shows obligation (“to be placed”); Translation: to be placed; Notes: gerundive of necessity.
  19. sunt — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person plural present active indicative; Function: auxiliary with gerundive; Translation: are; Notes: forms passive periphrastic.
  20. similis — Lemma: similis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: modifies iunctura; Translation: similar; Notes: parallels earlier joining system.
  21. iunctura — Lemma: iunctura; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject; Translation: joint; Notes: structural binding or fitting.
  22. servabitur — Lemma: servo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular future passive indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: shall be maintained; Notes: indicates that the same method of construction applies to the corner boards.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
This entry was posted in Exodus. Bookmark the permalink.

Comments are closed.