Exodus 26:25

Posted on March 17, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 26:25 Et erunt simul tabulæ octo, bases earum argenteæ sedecim, duabus basibus per unam tabulam supputatis.

And the boards shall be eight together, their bases of silver sixteen, two bases being reckoned for each board.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Et and CONJ, INDECL
2 erunt they shall be 3PL.FUT.ACT.IND, IRREG (sum)
3 simul together ADV, INDECL
4 tabulæ boards NOM.PL.F, NOUN, 1ST DECL
5 octo eight INVAR, NUM.ADJ
6 bases bases NOM.PL.F, NOUN, 3RD DECL
7 earum their GEN.PL.F, PRON.POSS
8 argenteæ silver NOM.PL.F, ADJ, 1ST/2ND DECL
9 sedecim sixteen INVAR, NUM.ADJ
10 duabus with two ABL.PL.F, NUM.ADJ
11 basibus bases ABL.PL.F, NOUN, 3RD DECL
12 per for/each PREP+ACC
13 unam one ACC.SG.F, ADJ/PRON
14 tabulam board ACC.SG.F, NOUN, 1ST DECL
15 supputatis being reckoned ABL.PL.F, PTCP.PERF.PASS, 1ST CONJ

Syntax

First clause:
• Et erunt simul tabulæ octo — “And the boards shall be eight together”
— tabulæ = subject
— erunt = future indicative
— simul adds the idea of grouping.

Second clause:
• bases earum argenteæ sedecim — “their bases of silver sixteen”
— equative verbless clause supplying number and description
— earum = possessive pronoun referring to the eight boards.

Third clause (ablative absolute–like construction):
• duabus basibus per unam tabulam supputatis — “two bases being reckoned for each board”
— supputatis = perf. pass. participle in ablative
— duabus basibus = ablative of specification
— per unam tabulam = distributive phrase (“per each board”).

Morphology

  1. Et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: links clauses; Translation: and; Notes: introductory connective.
  2. erunt — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person plural future active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: they shall be; Notes: denotes fixed structure.
  3. simul — Lemma: simul; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: modifies erunt; Translation: together; Notes: indicates grouping.
  4. tabulæ — Lemma: tabula; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural feminine; Function: subject; Translation: boards; Notes: refers to the structural planks.
  5. octo — Lemma: octo; Part of Speech: numeral adjective; Form: invariable; Function: numerical modifier; Translation: eight; Notes: cardinal numeral.
  6. bases — Lemma: basis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural feminine; Function: subject (of implied verb “are”); Translation: bases; Notes: begins second clause.
  7. earum — Lemma: is, ea, id; Part of Speech: possessive pronoun; Form: genitive plural feminine; Function: possession; Translation: their; Notes: refers to tabulæ.
  8. argenteæ — Lemma: argenteus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative plural feminine; Function: modifies bases; Translation: silver; Notes: material descriptor.
  9. sedecim — Lemma: sedecim; Part of Speech: numeral adjective; Form: invariable; Function: numeric predicate; Translation: sixteen; Notes: cardinal number.
  10. duabus — Lemma: duo; Part of Speech: numeral adjective; Form: ablative plural feminine; Function: part of ablative absolute; Translation: with two; Notes: distributive value.
  11. basibus — Lemma: basis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural feminine; Function: ablative dependent on supputatis; Translation: bases; Notes: each board receives two.
  12. per — Lemma: per; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: expresses distribution; Translation: for/each; Notes: distributive marker.
  13. unam — Lemma: unus; Part of Speech: adjective/pronoun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: modifies tabulam; Translation: one; Notes: singular distributive.
  14. tabulam — Lemma: tabula; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object of per; Translation: board; Notes: per-board accounting.
  15. supputatis — Lemma: supputo; Part of Speech: participle; Form: ablative plural feminine perfect passive participle; Function: ablative absolute; Translation: being reckoned; Notes: calculation term meaning “counted up / computed.”

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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