Exodus 40:16

Posted on March 31, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 40:16 Erexitque Moyses illud, et posuit tabulas ac bases et vectes, statuitque columnas,

And Moyses set it up, and placed the boards and the bases and the bars, and he set up the columns,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Erexitque and he set up 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
2 Moyses Moses NOM.SG.M.INDECL
3 illud it ACC.SG.N.DEM
4 et and CONJ
5 posuit he placed 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
6 tabulas boards ACC.PL.F.1ST.DECL
7 ac and CONJ
8 bases bases ACC.PL.F.3RD.DECL
9 et and CONJ
10 vectes bars ACC.PL.M.3RD.DECL
11 statuitque and he set up 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
12 columnas columns ACC.PL.F.1ST.DECL

Syntax

Main Verbs:
• Erexitque — “and he set up”
• posuit — “he placed”
• statuitque — “and he set up”

Direct Objects:
• illud — refers to the tabernacle structure
• tabulas, bases, vectes — items positioned by Moses
• columnas — items set upright

Coordinating Conjunctions:
• et and ac connect parallel objects and actions.

Morphology

  1. Erexitque — Lemma: erigo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: and he set up; Notes: enclitic -que links to following actions.
  2. Moyses — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine indeclinable; Function: subject; Translation: Moses; Notes: Hebrew name treated indeclinably.
  3. illud — Lemma: ille; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: it; Notes: refers to the tabernacle.
  4. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: joins verbs/phrases; Translation: and; Notes: simple connective.
  5. posuit — Lemma: pono; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: he placed; Notes: describes ordering of structural components.
  6. tabulas — Lemma: tabula; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine 1st declension; Function: direct object; Translation: boards; Notes: forming the tabernacle walls.
  7. ac — Lemma: ac; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: connects closely related items; Translation: and; Notes: stylistically more elevated than et.
  8. bases — Lemma: basis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine 3rd declension; Function: direct object; Translation: bases; Notes: foundation sockets for the boards.
  9. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: joins objects; Translation: and; Notes: continues the series.
  10. vectes — Lemma: vectis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine 3rd declension; Function: direct object; Translation: bars; Notes: crossbars used to hold the boards together.
  11. statuitque — Lemma: statuo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular perfect active indicative; Function: new coordinated verb; Translation: and he set up; Notes: describes erecting vertical supports.
  12. columnas — Lemma: columna; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine 1st declension; Function: direct object; Translation: columns; Notes: vertical structural pillars.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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