Exodus 40:3

Posted on March 31, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

3 et pones in eo arcam, dimittesque ante illam velum:

and you shall place the ark in it, and you shall set the veil before it;

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 et and CONJ
2 pones you shall place 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND
3 in in PREP+ABL
4 eo it ABL.SG.N.DEM
5 arcam ark ACC.SG.F.1ST.DECL
6 dimittesque and you shall set 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND
7 ante before PREP+ACC
8 illam it ACC.SG.F.DEM
9 velum veil ACC.SG.N.2ND.DECL

Syntax

Main Clause 1: pones (Verb) + arcam (Direct Object)
Phrase: in eo — ablative of place where

Main Clause 2: dimittesque (Verb) + velum (Direct Object)
Phrase: ante illam — prepositional phrase indicating placement before the ark

Morphology

  1. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: links coordinated actions; Translation: and; Notes: frequent connective in procedural instructions.
  2. pones — Lemma: pono; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 2nd person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb issuing instruction; Translation: you shall place; Notes: future indicative expresses mandated future action.
  3. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: expresses location; Translation: in; Notes: used with ablative to indicate position.
  4. eo — Lemma: is, ea, id; Part of Speech: pronoun (demonstrative); Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of in; Translation: it; Notes: refers to the tabernacle.
  5. arcam — Lemma: arca; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine 1st declension; Function: direct object of pones; Translation: ark; Notes: the Ark of the Covenant.
  6. dimittesque — Lemma: dimitto; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 2nd person singular future active indicative; Function: second main verb; Translation: and you shall set; Notes: enclitic -que attaches to verb to coordinate with pones.
  7. ante — Lemma: ante; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: expresses spatial relation; Translation: before; Notes: sets orientation relative to the ark.
  8. illam — Lemma: ille, illa, illud; Part of Speech: pronoun (demonstrative); Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object of ante; Translation: it; Notes: refers back to the ark.
  9. velum — Lemma: velum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter 2nd declension; Function: direct object of dimittesque; Translation: veil; Notes: refers to the inner veil partition.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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