Genesis 46:27

Posted on February 15, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Gn 46:27 Filii autem Ioseph, qui nati sunt ei in terra Ægypti, animæ duæ. Omnes animæ domus Iacob, quæ ingressæ sunt in Ægyptum, fuere septuaginta.

The sons of Joseph, who were born to him in the land of Egypt, were two persons. All the persons of the house of Jacob, who entered into Egypt, were seventy.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Filii sons NOM.PL.M
2 autem however ADV
3 Ioseph of Joseph GEN.SG.M
4 qui who NOM.PL.M
5 nati born NOM.PL.M.PART.PERF
6 sunt were 3PL.PRES.ACT.IND
7 ei to him DAT.SG.M
8 in in PREP+ABL
9 terra land ABL.SG.F
10 Ægypti of Egypt GEN.SG.F
11 animæ persons NOM.PL.F
12 duæ two NOM.PL.F
13 Omnes all NOM.PL.F
14 animæ persons NOM.PL.F
15 domus house GEN.SG.F
16 Iacob of Jacob GEN.SG.M
17 quæ who NOM.PL.F
18 ingressæ entered NOM.PL.F.PART.PERF
19 sunt were 3PL.PRES.ACT.IND
20 in into PREP+ACC
21 Ægyptum Egypt ACC.SG.F
22 fuere were 3PL.PERF.ACT.IND
23 septuaginta seventy NUM.INDECL

Syntax

Main Clause 1:
Filii (subject, “the sons”) + autem (adverbial connector) + animæ duæ (predicate nominative, “were two persons”)
• Relative clause: qui nati sunt ei in terra Ægypti (“who were born to him in the land of Egypt”) modifies Filii Ioseph.
• ei indicates the recipient (“to him,” meaning Joseph).
• terra Ægypti expresses location of birth.

Main Clause 2:
Omnes animæ domus Iacob (subject phrase, “all the persons of the house of Jacob”) + fuere septuaginta (verb + predicate, “were seventy”).
• Relative clause: quæ ingressæ sunt in Ægyptum modifies Omnes animæ.
• in Ægyptum: motion toward, “into Egypt.”

Morphology

  1. Filii — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject of the first main clause; Translation: “sons”; Notes: heading of Joseph’s children.
  2. autem — Lemma: autem; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: adversative connective; Translation: “however”; Notes: contrasts Joseph’s count with previous totals.
  3. Ioseph — Lemma: Ioseph; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: genitive of relationship modifying Filii; Translation: “of Joseph”; Notes: identifies parentage.
  4. qui — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject of the relative clause; Translation: “who”; Notes: refers to the sons of Joseph.
  5. nati — Lemma: nascor; Part of Speech: participle; Form: nominative plural masculine perfect participle; Function: predicate in relative clause; Translation: “born”; Notes: deponent verb with passive form and active meaning.
  6. sunt — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural present active indicative; Function: auxiliary in perfect construction; Translation: “were”; Notes: completes the participial verb phrase.
  7. ei — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: indirect object; Translation: “to him”; Notes: refers to Joseph.
  8. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: introduces location; Translation: “in”; Notes: expresses location of birth.
  9. terra — Lemma: terra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: object of in; Translation: “land”; Notes: part of the locational phrase.
  10. Ægypti — Lemma: Ægyptus; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: possessive genitive modifying terra; Translation: “of Egypt”; Notes: specifies geographical region.
  11. animæ — Lemma: anima; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural feminine; Function: predicate nominative; Translation: “persons”; Notes: denotes number of individuals.
  12. duæ — Lemma: duo; Part of Speech: numeral adjective; Form: nominative plural feminine; Function: modifies animæ; Translation: “two”; Notes: total count of Joseph’s sons.
  13. Omnes — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative plural feminine; Function: modifies animæ; Translation: “all”; Notes: summarizing total.
  14. animæ — Lemma: anima; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural feminine; Function: subject of the second clause; Translation: “persons”; Notes: repeated for summary count.
  15. domus — Lemma: domus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: genitive of relationship modifying animæ; Translation: “of the house”; Notes: a genealogical term referring to a family line.
  16. Iacob — Lemma: Iacob; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: modifies domus; Translation: “of Jacob”; Notes: identifies the patriarch.
  17. quæ — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative plural feminine; Function: subject of the relative clause; Translation: “who”; Notes: agrees with animæ.
  18. ingressæ — Lemma: ingredior; Part of Speech: participle; Form: nominative plural feminine perfect participle; Function: predicate participle; Translation: “entered”; Notes: deponent verb with active sense.
  19. sunt — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural present active indicative; Function: auxiliary completing the participle; Translation: “were”; Notes: forms perfect construction.
  20. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: expresses motion toward; Translation: “into”; Notes: indicates movement to Egypt.
  21. Ægyptum — Lemma: Ægyptus; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object of in; Translation: “Egypt”; Notes: destination.
  22. fuere — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural perfect active indicative; Function: main verb of the clause; Translation: “were”; Notes: classical contracted perfect form.
  23. septuaginta — Lemma: septuaginta; Part of Speech: numeral; Form: indeclinable; Function: predicate numeral; Translation: “seventy”; Notes: gives final total.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
This entry was posted in Genesis. Bookmark the permalink.

Comments are closed.