Numeri 29:6 (Numbers 29:6)

Posted on May 26, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 29:6 præter holocaustum calendarum cum sacrificiis suis, et holocaustum sempiternum cum libationibus solitis. eisdem ceremoniis offeretis in odorem suavissimum incensum Domino.

besides the holocaust of the calends with its grain offerings, and the continual burnt offering with its customary drink offerings. With the same rites you shall offer them as a pleasing aroma, an offering made by fire to the LORD.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 præter besides PREP+ACC
2 holocaustum burnt offering ACC.SG.N
3 calendarum of the calends GEN.PL.F
4 cum with PREP+ABL
5 sacrificiis grain offerings ABL.PL.N
6 suis its ABL.PL.POSS
7 et and CONJ
8 holocaustum burnt offering ACC.SG.N
9 sempiternum continual ACC.SG.N
10 cum with PREP+ABL
11 libationibus drink offerings ABL.PL.F
12 solitis customary ABL.PL.F
13 eisdem the same ABL.PL.F.DEM
14 ceremoniis rites ABL.PL.F
15 offeretis you shall offer 2PL.FUT.ACT.IND
16 in as / for PREP+ACC
17 odorem aroma ACC.SG.M
18 suavissimum most pleasing ACC.SG.M.SUPER
19 incensum offering made by fire ACC.SG.N
20 Domino to the LORD DAT.SG.M

Syntax

Exclusion Phrase: præter holocaustum calendarum cum sacrificiis suis functions as a prepositional phrase indicating that the previously described offerings are additional to the monthly burnt offering and its accompanying grain offerings.

Coordinated Phrase: et holocaustum sempiternum cum libationibus solitis adds the continual burnt offering together with its customary drink offerings.

Main Clause: offeretis is the principal verb with an implied second-person plural subject. eisdem ceremoniis is an ablative of manner indicating that the offerings are to be presented according to the same rites.

Purpose Phrase: in odorem suavissimum expresses the intended acceptability of the sacrifice before God.

Apposition: incensum stands in apposition to the offerings being presented, describing them as an offering made by fire. Domino is a dative of reference identifying the recipient.

Morphology

  1. præter — Lemma: præter; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Governing the Accusative; Function: Introduces an exception or addition phrase; Translation: “besides”; Notes: Indicates that the following offerings are supplementary.
  2. holocaustum — Lemma: holocaustum; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Accusative Singular Neuter; Function: Object of præter; Translation: “burnt offering”; Notes: Refers to an offering wholly consumed upon the altar.
  3. calendarum — Lemma: calendæ; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Genitive Plural Feminine; Function: Genitive dependent on holocaustum; Translation: “of the calends”; Notes: Refers to the monthly new-moon observance. In the ancient Roman calendar, the calends (often spelled kalends) was the first day of every month.
  4. cum — Lemma: cum; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Governing the Ablative; Function: Introduces accompaniment phrase; Translation: “with”; Notes: Associates related sacrificial elements.
  5. sacrificiis — Lemma: sacrificium; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Ablative Plural Neuter; Function: Object of cum; Translation: “grain offerings”; Notes: Refers to the accompanying cereal offerings.
  6. suis — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: Possessive Adjective; Form: Ablative Plural Neuter; Function: Modifies sacrificiis; Translation: “its”; Notes: Refers back to the monthly burnt offering.
  7. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Connects coordinated phrases; Translation: “and”; Notes: Adds another offering category.
  8. holocaustum — Lemma: holocaustum; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Accusative Singular Neuter; Function: Coordinated object of præter; Translation: “burnt offering”; Notes: Refers to the continual daily sacrifice.
  9. sempiternum — Lemma: sempiternus; Part of Speech: Adjective; Form: Accusative Singular Neuter; Function: Modifies holocaustum; Translation: “continual”; Notes: Indicates the perpetual nature of the offering.
  10. cum — Lemma: cum; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Governing the Ablative; Function: Introduces accompaniment phrase; Translation: “with”; Notes: Links the offering with its associated libations.
  11. libationibus — Lemma: libatio; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Ablative Plural Feminine; Function: Object of cum; Translation: “drink offerings”; Notes: Refers to liquid offerings poured out before God.
  12. solitis — Lemma: solitus; Part of Speech: Adjective; Form: Ablative Plural Feminine; Function: Modifies libationibus; Translation: “customary”; Notes: Refers to the prescribed regular quantities.
  13. eisdem — Lemma: idem; Part of Speech: Demonstrative Adjective; Form: Ablative Plural Feminine; Function: Modifies ceremoniis; Translation: “the same”; Notes: Indicates conformity with previously stated procedures.
  14. ceremoniis — Lemma: ceremonia; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Ablative Plural Feminine; Function: Ablative of manner; Translation: “rites”; Notes: Refers to the prescribed ritual procedures.
  15. offeretis — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: Second Person Plural Future Active Indicative; Function: Main verb; Translation: “you shall offer”; Notes: Expresses a future command or obligation.
  16. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Governing the Accusative; Function: Introduces purpose phrase; Translation: “as”; Notes: Indicates the intended result or character of the offering.
  17. odorem — Lemma: odor; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Accusative Singular Masculine; Function: Object of in; Translation: “aroma”; Notes: A sacrificial expression denoting divine acceptance.
  18. suavissimum — Lemma: suavis; Part of Speech: Adjective; Form: Accusative Singular Masculine Superlative Degree; Function: Modifies odorem; Translation: “most pleasing”; Notes: The superlative emphasizes exceptional acceptability.
  19. incensum — Lemma: incensum; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Accusative Singular Neuter; Function: Apposition describing the offering; Translation: “offering made by fire”; Notes: Refers to a sacrifice consumed upon the altar.
  20. Domino — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Dative Singular Masculine; Function: Dative of reference; Translation: “to the LORD”; Notes: Refers to YHWH as the recipient of the sacrifice.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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