Numeri 5:10 (Numbers 5:10)

Posted on May 2, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 5:10 et quidquid in Sanctuarium offertur a singulis, et traditur manibus sacerdotis, ipsius erit.

and whatever is offered into the Sanctuary by each one, and is handed over into the hands of the priest, it shall be his.’”

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 et and CONJ
2 quidquid whatever NOM.SG.N.INDEF
3 in into PREP+ACC
4 Sanctuarium Sanctuary ACC.SG.N
5 offertur is offered 3SG.PRES.PASS.IND
6 a by PREP+ABL
7 singulis each one ABL.PL.M
8 et and CONJ
9 traditur is handed over 3SG.PRES.PASS.IND
10 manibus hands ABL.PL.F
11 sacerdotis of the priest GEN.SG.M
12 ipsius his GEN.SG.M.REFL
13 erit it shall be 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND

Syntax

Main Clause: quidquid … erit forms the main structure, with quidquid as the subject and erit as the verb.

Relative Structure: quidquid governs the embedded clause offertur and traditur, both referring back to it.

Phrase: in Sanctuarium expresses direction into the sacred space.

Agent Phrase: a singulis indicates the individuals offering.

Phrase: manibus sacerdotis expresses the means or location of transfer.

Predicate: ipsius erit expresses possession, indicating that the offering belongs to the priest.

Morphology

  1. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: links clause to previous statement; Translation: and; Notes: continues legal instruction.
  2. quidquid — Lemma: quisquis; Part of Speech: indefinite pronoun; Form: nominative singular neuter; Function: subject of the main clause; Translation: whatever; Notes: expresses total inclusion without restriction.
  3. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: takes the accusative; Function: introduces directional phrase; Translation: into; Notes: indicates movement into sacred space.
  4. Sanctuarium — Lemma: sanctuarium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter, 2nd declension; Function: object of in; Translation: Sanctuary; Notes: refers to the holy place of offering.
  5. offertur — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present passive indicative; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: is offered; Notes: passive highlights ritual presentation.
  6. a — Lemma: a; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: takes the ablative; Function: introduces agent; Translation: by; Notes: marks personal agency.
  7. singulis — Lemma: singuli; Part of Speech: adjective used substantivally; Form: ablative plural masculine; Function: object of a; Translation: each one; Notes: distributive sense emphasizing individual responsibility.
  8. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: links verbs; Translation: and; Notes: connects two passive actions.
  9. traditur — Lemma: trado; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present passive indicative; Function: second verb of relative clause; Translation: is handed over; Notes: indicates formal transfer.
  10. manibus — Lemma: manus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural feminine, 4th declension; Function: ablative of means or place; Translation: hands; Notes: suggests physical reception.
  11. sacerdotis — Lemma: sacerdos; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular masculine, 3rd declension; Function: modifies manibus; Translation: of the priest; Notes: identifies recipient of offering.
  12. ipsius — Lemma: ipse; Part of Speech: intensive pronoun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: predicate genitive with erit; Translation: his; Notes: emphasizes possession by the priest.
  13. erit — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: it shall be; Notes: expresses legal assignment of ownership.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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