Numeri 5:9 (Numbers 5:9)

Posted on May 2, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 5:9 Omnes quoque primitiæ, quas offerunt filii Israel, ad sacerdotem pertinent:

And all the firstfruits, which the sons of Israel offer, belong to the priest;

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Omnes all NOM.PL.F
2 quoque also ADV
3 primitiæ firstfruits NOM.PL.F
4 quas which ACC.PL.F.REL
5 offerunt they offer 3PL.PRES.ACT.IND
6 filii sons NOM.PL.M
7 Israel of Israel GEN.SG.M
8 ad to PREP+ACC
9 sacerdotem priest ACC.SG.M
10 pertinent belong 3PL.PRES.ACT.IND

Syntax

Main Clause: Omnes quoque primitiæ is the subject, with pertinent as the verb. ad sacerdotem functions as a prepositional phrase indicating possession or direction.

Relative Clause: quas offerunt filii Israel modifies primitiæ, with offerunt as the verb and filii Israel as the subject.

Morphology

  1. Omnes — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative plural feminine; Function: modifies primitiæ; Translation: all; Notes: emphasizes total inclusion.
  2. quoque — Lemma: quoque; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: adds emphasis; Translation: also; Notes: connects with preceding context.
  3. primitiæ — Lemma: primitiæ; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural feminine, 1st declension; Function: subject of pertinent; Translation: firstfruits; Notes: refers to offerings from initial produce.
  4. quas — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: object of offerunt; Translation: which; Notes: refers back to primitiæ.
  5. offerunt — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural present active indicative; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: they offer; Notes: indicates ongoing ritual action.
  6. filii — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine, 2nd declension; Function: subject of offerunt; Translation: sons; Notes: refers to members of Yisraʾel.
  7. Israel — Lemma: Israel; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: modifies filii; Translation: of Israel; Notes: denotes covenant identity.
  8. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: takes the accusative; Function: introduces destination or relation; Translation: to; Notes: expresses belonging in this context.
  9. sacerdotem — Lemma: sacerdos; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine, 3rd declension; Function: object of ad; Translation: priest; Notes: indicates recipient of offerings.
  10. pertinent — Lemma: pertineo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural present active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: belong; Notes: expresses legal or ritual ownership.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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