Exodus 14:14

Posted on March 5, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 14:14 Dominus pugnabit pro vobis, et vos tacebitis.

The LORD will fight for you, and you will be silent.”

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Dominus the LORD NOUN.NOM.SG.M
2 pugnabit will fight 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
3 pro for PREP+ABL
4 vobis you PRON.ABL.PL
5 et and CONJ
6 vos you PRON.NOM.PL
7 tacebitis you will be silent 2PL.FUT.ACT.IND

Syntax

Main clause: Dominus pugnabit pro vobis — subject + future verb + prepositional phrase expressing advantage.
Coordinated clause: et vos tacebitis — future indicative expressing Israel’s commanded passivity.
Contrast: Implicit contrast between divine action versus human stillness.

Morphology

  1. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: “the LORD”; Notes: refers to YHWH.
  2. pugnabit — Lemma: pugno; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative third singular; Function: main verb; Translation: “will fight”; Notes: decisive divine intervention.
  3. pro — Lemma: pro; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: expresses defense or advantage; Translation: “for”; Notes: conveys protective stance.
  4. vobis — Lemma: vos; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: ablative plural; Function: object of pro; Translation: “you”; Notes: refers to Israel.
  5. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: links coordinated clauses; Translation: “and”; Notes: balances divine action with human response.
  6. vos — Lemma: vos; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: nominative plural; Function: subject of tacebitis; Translation: “you”; Notes: emphasized by position.
  7. tacebitis — Lemma: taceo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative second plural; Function: main verb; Translation: “you will be silent”; Notes: denotes commanded stillness and trust.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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