Exodus 25:21

Posted on March 16, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

21 in qua pones testimonium quod dabo tibi.

in which you shall place the testimony that I will give you.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 in in PREP+ABL
2 qua in which ABL.SG.F.REL.PRON
3 pones you shall place 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND
4 testimonium the testimony ACC.SG.N.2ND DECL
5 quod which NOM.SG.N.REL.PRON
6 dabo I will give 1SG.FUT.ACT.IND
7 tibi to you DAT.SG.2ND.PERS.PRON

Syntax

Prepositional clause: in qua introduces the location where the testimony will be placed, referring to the ark.
Main future instruction: pones testimonium is the command to place the testimony.
Relative clause: quod dabo tibi explains the content of the testimony, with dabo as the divine promise and tibi as its recipient.

Morphology

  1. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: introduces location; Translation: in; Notes: static spatial relation.
  2. qua — Lemma: qui, quae, quod; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: relative pronoun; Translation: in which; Notes: refers to the ark.
  3. pones — Lemma: pono; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second singular future active indicative; Function: main verb of command; Translation: you shall place; Notes: instruction given to Moses.
  4. testimonium — Lemma: testimonium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: testimony; Notes: refers to the divine tablets or covenantal witness.
  5. quod — Lemma: qui, quae, quod; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: nominative singular neuter; Function: relative pronoun introducing subordinate clause; Translation: which; Notes: connects to testimonium.
  6. dabo — Lemma: do; Part of Speech: verb; Form: first singular future active indicative; Function: verb of promise; Translation: I will give; Notes: spoken by the LORD.
  7. tibi — Lemma: tu; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: dative singular; Function: indirect object; Translation: to you; Notes: refers to Moses.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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