Exodus 25:34

Posted on March 16, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 25:34 in ipso autem candelabro erunt quattuor scyphi in nucis modum, sphærulæque per singulos, et lilia.

and in the very lampstand there shall be four cups in the likeness of a nut, and knobs by each one, and lilies.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 in in PREP+ABL
2 ipso the very ABL.SG.N.ADJ.DEM
3 autem however ADV
4 candelabro lampstand ABL.SG.N.2ND DECL
5 erunt shall be 3PL.FUT.ACT.IND
6 quattuor four INVAR.NUM
7 scyphi cups NOM.PL.M.2ND DECL
8 in in PREP+ABL
9 nucis of a nut GEN.SG.F.3RD DECL
10 modum form ACC.SG.M.4TH DECL
11 sphærulæque and knobs NOM.PL.F.1ST DECL
12 per through PREP+ACC
13 singulos each ACC.PL.M.ADJ
14 et and CONJ
15 lilia lilies NOM.PL.N.2ND DECL

Syntax

Locative phrase: in ipso autem candelabro — specifies the position of the ornaments on the lampstand.
Future description: erunt quattuor scyphi — sets the required items to be on the lampstand.
Comparative description: in nucis modum — defines the almond-shaped design of each cup.
Accompanying ornamentation: sphærulæque per singulos — each cup has corresponding knobs.
Final coordinated element: et lilia — floral designs supplement the structure.

Morphology

  1. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: introduces location; Translation: in; Notes: spatial placement marker.
  2. ipso — Lemma: ipse; Part of Speech: demonstrative adjective; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: intensifies candelabro; Translation: the very; Notes: emphatic reference.
  3. autem — Lemma: autem; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: connective; Translation: however; Notes: contrasts with prior instruction.
  4. candelabro — Lemma: candelabrum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of in; Translation: lampstand; Notes: refers to menorah.
  5. erunt — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative third plural; Function: main verb; Translation: shall be; Notes: expresses future requirement.
  6. quattuor — Lemma: quattuor; Part of Speech: numeral; Form: invariable; Function: quantifies scyphi; Translation: four; Notes: cardinal numeral.
  7. scyphi — Lemma: scyphus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject of erunt; Translation: cups; Notes: ornamental almond-shaped cups.
  8. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: introduces comparison; Translation: in; Notes: standard use.
  9. nucis — Lemma: nux; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: genitive of likeness; Translation: of a nut; Notes: almond-shaped form.
  10. modum — Lemma: modus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of in; Translation: form; Notes: expresses physical shape.
  11. sphærulæque — Lemma: sphærula; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural feminine; Function: secondary subjects; Translation: and knobs; Notes: enclitic -que.
  12. per — Lemma: per; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: +accusative; Function: distributive modifier; Translation: through; Notes: “per singulos” = “each.”
  13. singulos — Lemma: singuli; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: modifies implied calamos; Translation: each; Notes: distributive numeral adjective.
  14. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: coordinates final element; Translation: and; Notes: simple connector.
  15. lilia — Lemma: lilium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural neuter; Function: coordinated subjects; Translation: lilies; Notes: floral ornament elements.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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