Exodus 28:24

Posted on March 19, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 28:24 catenasque aureas iunges annulis, qui sunt in marginibus eius:

and the golden chains you shall join to the rings which are on its edges;

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 catenasque and the chains ACC.PL.F, 1ST DECL, NOUN + ENCLITIC -QUE
2 aureas golden ACC.PL.F, ADJ, POS
3 iunges you shall join 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND, 3RD CONJ
4 annulis to the rings DAT.PL.M, 2ND DECL, NOUN
5 qui which NOM.PL.M, PRON.REL
6 sunt are 3PL.PRES.ACT.IND
7 in in PREP+ABL
8 marginibus borders ABL.PL.M, 3RD DECL, NOUN
9 eius of it GEN.SG, PRON.POSS

Syntax

Main directive:
catenasque aureas iunges — direct object (*catenasque aureas*) + main verb (*iunges*), “and you shall join the golden chains.”

Dative complement:
annulis — indirect object, “to the rings.”

Relative clause modifying annulis:
qui sunt in marginibus eius
• qui — subject of the clause, “which”
• sunt — verb, “are”
• in marginibus eius — locative phrase, “on its edges”

Morphology

  1. catenasque — Lemma: catena; Part of Speech: noun with enclitic; Form: accusative plural feminine with enclitic -que; Function: direct object of iunges; Translation: and the chains; Notes: enclitic links this command to prior instructions.
  2. aureas — Lemma: aureus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: modifies catenas; Translation: golden; Notes: specifies material.
  3. iunges — Lemma: iungo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb expressing command; Translation: you shall join; Notes: future indicative used imperatively in ritual law.
  4. annulis — Lemma: annulus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative plural masculine, second declension; Function: indirect object receiving action of joining; Translation: to the rings; Notes: recipients of the attachment.
  5. qui — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject of relative clause referring to annulis; Translation: which; Notes: introduces descriptive clause.
  6. sunt — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural present active indicative; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: are; Notes: expresses location.
  7. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative case; Function: introduces spatial phrase; Translation: in; Notes: static location.
  8. marginibus — Lemma: margo; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural masculine, third declension; Function: object of preposition in; Translation: borders or edges; Notes: structural part of the breastpiece.
  9. eius — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: possessive pronoun; Form: genitive singular; Function: modifies marginibus; Translation: of it; Notes: refers back to the breastpiece.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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