Exodus 28:41

Posted on March 19, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 28:41 vestiesque his omnibus Aaron fratrem tuum et filios eius cum eo. Et cunctorum consecrabis manus, sanctificabisque illos, ut sacerdotio fungantur mihi.

and you shall clothe with all these things Aaron your brother and his sons with him. And you shall consecrate the hands of all of them, and you shall sanctify them, so that they may serve Me in the priesthood.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 vestiesque and you shall clothe VERB 2 FUT ACT IND 4TH CONJ + ENCL
2 his with these PRON DEM ABL PL N
3 omnibus all things ADJ ABL PL N
4 Aaron Aaron NOUN ACC SG M INDECL
5 fratrem brother NOUN ACC SG M 3RD DECL
6 tuum your PRON POSS ACC SG M
7 et and CONJ INDECL
8 filios sons NOUN ACC PL M 2ND DECL
9 eius his PRON PERS GEN SG M
10 cum with PREP+ABL INDECL
11 eo him PRON PERS ABL SG M
12 Et and CONJ INDECL
13 cunctorum of all ADJ GEN PL M
14 consecrabis you shall consecrate VERB 2 FUT ACT IND 1ST CONJ
15 manus hands NOUN ACC PL F 4TH DECL
16 sanctificabisque and you shall sanctify VERB 2 FUT ACT IND 1ST CONJ + ENCL
17 illos them PRON PERS ACC PL M
18 ut so that CONJ INDECL
19 sacerdotio in the priesthood NOUN ABL SG N 3RD DECL
20 fungantur they may perform VERB 3 PL PRES DEP SUBJ 3RD CONJ
21 mihi for Me PRON PERS DAT SG 1

Syntax

The first main clause is vestiesque his omnibus Aaron fratrem tuum et filios eius cum eo — “and you shall clothe Aaron your brother with all these things, and his sons with him.”
The verb vestiesque governs the direct objects Aaron fratrem tuum and filios eius, while his omnibus expresses the instrumental ablative.
The second main clause is Et cunctorum consecrabis manus — “and you shall consecrate the hands of all of them.”
A coordinated verb follows: sanctificabisque illos, “and you shall sanctify them,” still governed by the second person singular future.
Finally, the purpose clause ut sacerdotio fungantur mihi expresses the divine goal of the consecration — “so that they may serve Me in the priesthood.”

Morphology

  1. vestiesque — Lemma: vestio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person singular future active indicative, fourth conjugation, with enclitic -que; Function: main verb of first command; Translation: “and you shall clothe”; Notes: enclitic links to previous instructions.
  2. his — Lemma: hic, haec, hoc; Part of Speech: pronoun (demonstrative); Form: ablative plural neuter; Function: ablative of means; Translation: “with these”; Notes: refers to all described vestments.
  3. omnibus — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative plural neuter; Function: modifies his; Translation: “all”; Notes: totality of items.
  4. Aaron — Lemma: Aaron; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine (indeclinable by form, case shown by context); Function: direct object; Translation: “Aaron”; Notes: Hebrew proper name.
  5. fratrem — Lemma: frater; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine, third declension; Function: apposition to Aaron; Translation: “brother”; Notes: defines Aaron’s relation to Moses.
  6. tuum — Lemma: tuus; Part of Speech: pronoun (possessive); Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: modifies fratrem; Translation: “your”; Notes: refers to Moses.
  7. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: joins coordinated direct objects; Translation: “and”; Notes: additive link.
  8. filios — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine, second declension; Function: second direct object; Translation: “sons”; Notes: sons of Aaron.
  9. eius — Lemma: is, ea, id; Part of Speech: pronoun (personal); Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: possessive with filios; Translation: “his”; Notes: refers to Aaron.
  10. cum — Lemma: cum; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: accompaniment; Translation: “with”; Notes: expresses inclusion.
  11. eo — Lemma: is, ea, id; Part of Speech: pronoun (personal); Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of cum; Translation: “him”; Notes: again refers to Aaron.
  12. Et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces next command; Translation: “and”; Notes: connects second ritual action.
  13. cunctorum — Lemma: cunctus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: genitive plural masculine; Function: modifies manus; Translation: “of all”; Notes: refers to Aaron and his sons.
  14. consecrabis — Lemma: consecro; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person singular future active indicative, first conjugation; Function: main verb; Translation: “you shall consecrate”; Notes: ritual consecration of hands for priestly service.
  15. manus — Lemma: manus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine, fourth declension; Function: direct object; Translation: “hands”; Notes: symbolizes readiness for sacred work.
  16. sanctificabisque — Lemma: sanctifico; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person singular future active indicative, first conjugation, with enclitic -que; Function: coordinated verb; Translation: “and you shall sanctify”; Notes: intensifies consecratory process.
  17. illos — Lemma: ille, illa, illud; Part of Speech: pronoun (demonstrative); Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: “them”; Notes: refers to Aaron and his sons.
  18. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces purpose clause; Translation: “so that”; Notes: governs subjunctive verb.
  19. sacerdotio — Lemma: sacerdotium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter, second declension; Function: ablative of respect with fungantur; Translation: “in the priesthood”; Notes: the sphere of holy service.
  20. fungantur — Lemma: fungor; Part of Speech: verb (deponent); Form: third person plural present deponent subjunctive, third conjugation; Function: verb of purpose clause; Translation: “they may perform / exercise”; Notes: deponent verb governing ablative.
  21. mihi — Lemma: ego; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: dative singular first person; Function: dative of advantage; Translation: “for Me”; Notes: divine beneficiary of priestly service.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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