Exodus 29:10

Posted on March 20, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 29:10 applicabis et vitulum coram tabernaculo testimonii. Imponentque Aaron et filii eius manus super caput illius,

you shall also bring the young bull before the tent of testimony. And Aaron and his sons shall lay their hands upon its head,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 applicabis you shall bring forward VERB 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND 1ST CONJ
2 et also / and CONJ
3 vitulum young bull NOUN ACC.SG.M 2ND DECL
4 coram before / in the presence of PREP+ABL
5 tabernaculo the tent NOUN ABL.SG.N 2ND DECL
6 testimonii of testimony NOUN GEN.SG.N 2ND DECL
7 Imponentque and they shall place VERB 3PL.FUT.ACT.IND 3RD CONJ + ENCLITIC -QUE
8 Aaron Aaron NOUN NOM.SG.M INDECL
9 et and CONJ
10 filii sons NOUN NOM.PL.M 2ND DECL
11 eius his PRON POSS GEN.SG.M
12 manus hands NOUN ACC.PL.F 4TH DECL
13 super upon PREP+ACC
14 caput head NOUN ACC.SG.N 3RD DECL
15 illius of it PRON DEM GEN.SG.M/N

Syntax

Main Command:
applicabis et vitulum coram tabernaculo testimonii — verb applicabis governs object vitulum; coram tabernaculo testimonii is a prepositional phrase meaning “before the tent of testimony.”

Coordinated Future Action:
Imponentque Aaron et filii eius manus super caput illius — verb Imponent with enclitic -que forms “and they shall place”; subject Aaron et filii eius; direct object manus; destination phrase super caput illius.

Morphology

  1. applicabis — Lemma: applico; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative second person singular; Function: main command verb; Translation: you shall bring forward; Notes: ritual presentation command.
  2. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: adds additional ritual action; Translation: also / and; Notes: connective linking sequential duties.
  3. vitulum — Lemma: vitulus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: young bull; Notes: sacrificial animal.
  4. coram — Lemma: coram; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: indicates presence; Translation: before / in the presence of; Notes: formal liturgical preposition.
  5. tabernaculo — Lemma: tabernaculum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of coram; Translation: the tent; Notes: sacred dwelling.
  6. testimonii — Lemma: testimonium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: genitive of quality; Translation: of testimony; Notes: identifies the sanctuary as witness-bearing.
  7. Imponentque — Lemma: impono; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative third person plural with enclitic -que; Function: main verb of coordinated clause; Translation: and they shall place; Notes: enclitic joins this action to prior ritual steps.
  8. Aaron — Lemma: Aaron; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine (indeclinable); Function: subject; Translation: Aaron; Notes: High Priest.
  9. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: coordinates subjects; Translation: and; Notes: links Aaron with his sons.
  10. filii — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: coordinated subject; Translation: sons; Notes: priestly assistants.
  11. eius — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: possessive pronoun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: modifies filii; Translation: his; Notes: refers to Aaron.
  12. manus — Lemma: manus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: direct object; Translation: hands; Notes: gesture of identification and transfer.
  13. super — Lemma: super; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: indicates position; Translation: upon; Notes: expresses physical placement.
  14. caput — Lemma: caput; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of super; Translation: head; Notes: refers to the bull’s head.
  15. illius — Lemma: ille; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: genitive singular masculine/neuter; Function: possessive modifier; Translation: of it; Notes: refers to the young bull.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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