Exodus 30:24

Posted on March 21, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 30:24 casiæ autem quingentos siclos in pondere sanctuarii, olei de olivetis mensuram hin:

and of cassia five hundred shekels by the weight of the sanctuary, and of olive oil the measure of a hin;

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 casiæ of cassia GEN.SG.F NOUN 1ST DECL
2 autem however / and CONJ INDECL
3 quingentos five hundred ACC.PL.M ADJ NUM
4 siclos shekels ACC.PL.M NOUN 2ND DECL
5 in by PREP+ABL INDECL
6 pondere weight ABL.SG.N NOUN 3RD DECL
7 sanctuarii of the sanctuary GEN.SG.N NOUN 2ND DECL
8 olei of oil GEN.SG.N NOUN 2ND DECL
9 de from PREP+ABL INDECL
10 olivetis olive trees ABL.PL.F NOUN 3RD DECL
11 mensuram the measure ACC.SG.F NOUN 1ST DECL
12 hin a hin ACC.SG.INVAR NOUN INDECL

Syntax

Genitives of Specification: casiæ, olei — identifying ingredients.
Accusatives of Quantity: quingentos siclos — measured amount.
Prepositional Phrase: in pondere sanctuarii — “by the weight of the sanctuary,” specifying the official standard.
Partitive Source: de olivetis — oil derived “from olive trees.”
Object Phrase: mensuram hin — measure stated as the ritual unit “hin.”

Morphology

  1. casiæ — Lemma: casia; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: ingredient specification; Translation: of cassia; Notes: aromatic bark used in anointing oil.
  2. autem — Lemma: autem; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: marks continuation with slight contrast; Translation: however / and; Notes: common transitional connective.
  3. quingentos — Lemma: quingenti; Part of Speech: numeral adjective; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: quantifies siclos; Translation: five hundred; Notes: weight measure.
  4. siclos — Lemma: siclus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: direct object (measure); Translation: shekels; Notes: standard biblical weight unit.
  5. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: expresses standard of measurement; Translation: by; Notes: “according to.”
  6. pondere — Lemma: pondus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of in; Translation: weight; Notes: indicates exact standard.
  7. sanctuarii — Lemma: sanctuarium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: modifies pondere; Translation: of the sanctuary; Notes: official cultic measure.
  8. olei — Lemma: oleum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: ingredient specification; Translation: of oil; Notes: component of holy anointing oil.
  9. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: expresses source; Translation: from; Notes: emphasizes natural origin.
  10. olivetis — Lemma: oliva; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural feminine; Function: object of de; Translation: olive trees; Notes: indicates pure olive oil.
  11. mensuram — Lemma: mensura; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object of understood verb of providing; Translation: the measure; Notes: technical measurement term.
  12. hin — Lemma: hin; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular invariable; Function: apposition to mensuram; Translation: a hin; Notes: Hebrew liquid measure (~3.7 liters).

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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