Exodus 30:33

Posted on March 21, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 30:33 Homo quicumque tale composuerit, et dederit ex eo, alieno, exterminabitur de populo suo.

Whoever of the people shall compose such a thing, and shall give from it to a foreigner, shall be cut off from his people.’”

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Homo a man / a person NOM.SG.M NOUN 3RD DECL
2 quicumque whoever NOM.SG.M PRON INDEF/REL
3 tale such ACC.SG.N ADJ DEM
4 composuerit shall compose 3SG.FUTP.ACT.IND 3RD CONJ
5 et and CONJ INDECL
6 dederit shall give 3SG.FUTP.ACT.IND 3RD CONJ
7 ex from PREP+ABL INDECL
8 eo it ABL.SG.N PRON DEM
9 alieno to a foreigner DAT.SG.M ADJ SUBST
10 exterminabitur shall be cut off 3SG.FUT.PASS.IND 3RD CONJ
11 de from PREP+ABL INDECL
12 populo people ABL.SG.M NOUN 2ND DECL
13 suo his ABL.SG.M ADJ POSS

Syntax

Conditional-Legal Formula: Homo quicumque — “whoever,” introducing a legal consequence.
Future Perfect Verbs: composuerit, dederit — condition completed before the penalty.
Dative of Advantage/Recipient: alieno — to a foreigner.
Main Penalty Clause: exterminabitur de populo suo — judicial removal from the covenant people.

Morphology

  1. Homo — Lemma: homo; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: generic subject; Translation: a man / a person; Notes: introduces legal case.
  2. quicumque — Lemma: quicumque; Part of Speech: indefinite/relative pronoun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: modifies Homo; Translation: whoever; Notes: sets universal application.
  3. tale — Lemma: talis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object with participial sense; Translation: such; Notes: refers to the sacred mixture.
  4. composuerit — Lemma: compono; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future perfect active indicative third singular; Function: first conditional action; Translation: shall compose; Notes: legal conditional tone.
  5. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: joins actions; Translation: and; Notes: standard coordination.
  6. dederit — Lemma: do; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future perfect active indicative third singular; Function: second conditional action; Translation: shall give; Notes: paired with composuerit.
  7. ex — Lemma: ex; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: denotes portion; Translation: from; Notes: refers to the holy oil.
  8. eo — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of ex; Translation: it; Notes: the anointing oil.
  9. alieno — Lemma: alienus; Part of Speech: adjective used substantively; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: indirect recipient; Translation: to a foreigner; Notes: forbidden to share sacred oil with non-Israelite.
  10. exterminabitur — Lemma: extermino; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future passive indicative third singular; Function: main penalty; Translation: shall be cut off; Notes: covenant penalty formula.
  11. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: separates from group; Translation: from; Notes: juridical removal.
  12. populo — Lemma: populus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: complement of de; Translation: people; Notes: Israel as covenant community.
  13. suo — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: modifies populo; Translation: his; Notes: reflexive to the subject of the penalty.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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