Exodus 40:8

Posted on March 31, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 40:8 Circumdabisque atrium tentoriis, et ingressum eius.

And you shall surround the court with curtains, and its entrance.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Circumdabisque and you shall surround 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND
2 atrium court ACC.SG.N.2ND.DECL
3 tentoriis with curtains ABL.PL.N.3RD.DECL
4 et and CONJ
5 ingressum entrance ACC.SG.M.4TH.DECL
6 eius its GEN.SG.M/F/N.PRON

Syntax

Main Clause:
• Circumdabisque (Verb)
• atrium (Direct Object)
• tentoriis (Ablative of means — “with curtains”)

Second Object Construction:
• et ingressum eius — coordinated with atrium, giving a second direct object affected by the action of surrounding

Overall Sense:
You shall enclose the entire courtyard area, including its entrance, by means of curtains.

Morphology

  1. Circumdabisque — Lemma: circumdo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 2nd person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb of instruction; Translation: and you shall surround; Notes: enclitic -que links to prior commands.
  2. atrium — Lemma: atrium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter 2nd declension; Function: direct object of circumdabis; Translation: court; Notes: refers to the outer courtyard of the tabernacle complex.
  3. tentoriis — Lemma: tentorium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural neuter 3rd declension; Function: ablative of instrument; Translation: with curtains; Notes: the long fabric panels forming the courtyard enclosure.
  4. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: joins coordinated direct objects; Translation: and; Notes: ties ingressum eius to the enclosing action.
  5. ingressum — Lemma: ingressus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine 4th declension; Function: second direct object; Translation: entrance; Notes: the main entryway into the courtyard.
  6. eius — Lemma: is, ea, id; Part of Speech: pronoun (possessive/genitive); Form: genitive singular (all genders); Function: modifies ingressum; Translation: its; Notes: refers back to atrium.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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