Gn 10:17 Hevæum, et Aracæum: Sinæum,
The Hevite, and the Aracite; the Sinite.
| # |
Latin |
Gloss |
Grammar Tag |
| 1 |
Hevæum |
Hevite |
ACC.SG.M |
| 2 |
et |
and |
CONJ |
| 3 |
Aracæum |
Aracite |
ACC.SG.M |
| 4 |
Sinæum |
Sinite |
ACC.SG.M |
Syntax
This clause continues the genealogical enumeration of the descendants of Chanaan.
The implied verb from the previous context is genuit (“begot”), and all names here function as its direct objects. Each ethnic name refers to a distinct group within the broader Canaanite family.
The conjunction et coordinates the list items, while punctuation (: and ,) separates genealogical branches for clarity.
Morphology
- Hevæum — Lemma: Hevæus; Part of Speech: Proper noun (ethnic name); Form: Accusative singular masculine; Function: Direct object (implied genuit); Translation: “Hevite”; Notes: Represents the Hevites, Canaanite inhabitants of Shechem and Mount Lebanon.
- et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Connects coordinated direct objects; Translation: “and”; Notes: Maintains additive genealogical pattern.
- Aracæum — Lemma: Aracæus; Part of Speech: Proper noun (ethnic name); Form: Accusative singular masculine; Function: Direct object (implied genuit); Translation: “Aracite”; Notes: Denotes descendants of Arac, possibly located in the region of Arka (north of Lebanon).
- Sinæum — Lemma: Sinæus; Part of Speech: Proper noun (ethnic name); Form: Accusative singular masculine; Function: Direct object (implied genuit); Translation: “Sinite”; Notes: Refers to an ancient Canaanite tribe, possibly located near Lebanon or the Syrian coast.
About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus
Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546.
The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.