Leviticus 9:11

Posted on April 9, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 9:11 carnes vero et pellem eius extra castra combussit igni.

but the flesh and its skin he burned with fire outside the camp.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 carnes flesh ACC.PL.F
2 vero but indeed ADV
3 et and CONJ
4 pellem skin ACC.SG.F
5 eius its GEN.SG.M.POSS
6 extra outside PREP+ACC
7 castra camp ACC.PL.N
8 combussit he burned 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
9 igni with fire ABL.SG.M

Syntax

Contrastive Topic: carnes vero et pellem eius — elements excluded from altar burning
Main Verb: combussit — decisive act of destruction
Locative Phrase: extra castra — removal from the sacred precinct
Means: igni — instrument of burning

Morphology

  1. carnes — Lemma: caro; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative feminine plural third declension; Function: direct object; Translation: flesh; Notes: Portions not placed on the altar.
  2. vero — Lemma: vero; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: contrastive particle; Translation: but indeed; Notes: Marks contrast with prior altar actions.
  3. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Joins the listed items.
  4. pellem — Lemma: pellis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative feminine singular third declension; Function: direct object; Translation: skin; Notes: External covering of the animal.
  5. eius — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: possessive pronoun; Form: genitive masculine singular; Function: modifies pellem; Translation: its; Notes: Refers to the sacrificed animal.
  6. extra — Lemma: extra; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs the accusative; Function: location; Translation: outside; Notes: Indicates removal beyond the camp.
  7. castra — Lemma: castra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative neuter plural; Function: object of extra; Translation: camp; Notes: The Israelite encampment.
  8. combussit — Lemma: comburo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: he burned; Notes: Complete destruction by fire.
  9. igni — Lemma: ignis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative masculine singular third declension; Function: means; Translation: with fire; Notes: Instrument of burning.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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