Leviticus 9:10

Posted on April 9, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 9:10 Adipemque et renunculos, ac reticulum iecoris, quæ sunt pro peccato, adolevit super altare, sicut præceperat Dominus Moysi:

And the fat and the kidneys, and the lobe of the liver, which are for sin, he burned on the altar, just as the LORD had commanded Moyses;

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Adipemque and the fat ACC.SG.M+CONJ
2 et and CONJ
3 renunculos kidneys ACC.PL.M
4 ac and CONJ
5 reticulum lobe ACC.SG.N
6 iecoris of the liver GEN.SG.N
7 quæ which NOM.PL.N.REL
8 sunt are 3PL.PRES.ACT.IND
9 pro for PREP+ABL
10 peccato sin ABL.SG.N
11 adolevit he burned 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
12 super upon PREP+ACC
13 altare altar ACC.SG.N
14 sicut just as ADV
15 præceperat had commanded 3SG.PLUP.ACT.IND
16 Dominus the LORD NOM.SG.M
17 Moysi to Moses DAT.SG.M

Syntax

Direct Objects: Adipemque et renunculos ac reticulum iecoris — specified sacrificial portions
Relative Clause: quæ sunt pro peccato — identifies the sin offering components
Main Verb: adolevit — act of burning on the altar
Locative Phrase: super altare — place of offering
Standard of Authority: sicut præceperat Dominus Moysi — conformity to divine command

Morphology

  1. Adipemque — Lemma: adeps; Part of Speech: noun with enclitic conjunction; Form: accusative masculine singular; Function: direct object; Translation: and the fat; Notes: The choicest portion designated for burning.
  2. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Continues the list.
  3. renunculos — Lemma: renunculus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative masculine plural second declension; Function: direct object; Translation: kidneys; Notes: Organs prescribed in the sin offering.
  4. ac — Lemma: ac; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: close coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Tightly links the final item.
  5. reticulum — Lemma: reticulum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative neuter singular second declension; Function: direct object; Translation: lobe; Notes: The fatty appendage associated with the liver.
  6. iecoris — Lemma: iecur; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive neuter singular third declension; Function: modifies reticulum; Translation: of the liver; Notes: Specifies the anatomical source.
  7. quæ — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative neuter plural; Function: subject of sunt; Translation: which; Notes: Refers to the listed portions collectively.
  8. sunt — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural present active indicative; Function: copula; Translation: are; Notes: Links the portions to their purpose.
  9. pro — Lemma: pro; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs the ablative; Function: purpose; Translation: for; Notes: Indicates sacrificial intent.
  10. peccato — Lemma: peccatum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative neuter singular second declension; Function: object of pro; Translation: sin; Notes: The sin offering category.
  11. adolevit — Lemma: adoleo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: he burned; Notes: Technical term for burning offerings.
  12. super — Lemma: super; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs the accusative; Function: location; Translation: upon; Notes: Indicates placement atop the altar.
  13. altare — Lemma: altare; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative neuter singular third declension; Function: object of super; Translation: altar; Notes: The sacrificial site.
  14. sicut — Lemma: sicut; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: comparative; Translation: just as; Notes: Introduces conformity clause.
  15. præceperat — Lemma: præcipio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular pluperfect active indicative; Function: verb of comparison clause; Translation: had commanded; Notes: Prior divine instruction.
  16. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative masculine singular second declension; Function: subject of præceperat; Translation: the LORD; Notes: Refers to YHWH.
  17. Moysi — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: dative masculine singular; Function: indirect object; Translation: to Moses; Notes: Recipient of the command.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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