Leviticus 9:19

Posted on April 9, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 9:19 Adipem autem bovis, et caudam arietis, renunculosque cum adipibus suis, et reticulum iecoris

Now the fat of the bull, and the tail of the ram, and the kidneys with their fats, and the lobe of the liver

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Adipem the fat ACC.SG.M
2 autem now ADV
3 bovis of the bull GEN.SG.M
4 et and CONJ
5 caudam the tail ACC.SG.F
6 arietis of the ram GEN.SG.M
7 renunculosque and the kidneys ACC.PL.M+CONJ
8 cum with PREP+ABL
9 adipibus fats ABL.PL.M
10 suis their ABL.PL.M.POSS
11 et and CONJ
12 reticulum the lobe ACC.SG.N
13 iecoris of the liver GEN.SG.N

Syntax

Topic Fronting: Adipem autem bovis — introduces the specific sacrificial portions
Coordinated Objects: caudam arietis and renunculosque cum adipibus suis — enumerated components
Final Object: reticulum iecoris — concluding item in the list

Morphology

  1. Adipem — Lemma: adeps; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative masculine singular; Function: direct object; Translation: the fat; Notes: The choicest portion designated for altar burning.
  2. autem — Lemma: autem; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: discourse marker; Translation: now; Notes: Shifts focus to a new subset of items.
  3. bovis — Lemma: bos; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive masculine singular; Function: modifies adipem; Translation: of the bull; Notes: Specifies the source animal.
  4. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Joins items in the list.
  5. caudam — Lemma: cauda; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative feminine singular first declension; Function: direct object; Translation: the tail; Notes: The fatty tail of the ram.
  6. arietis — Lemma: aries; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive masculine singular; Function: modifies caudam; Translation: of the ram; Notes: Identifies the animal.
  7. renunculosque — Lemma: renunculus; Part of Speech: noun with enclitic conjunction; Form: accusative masculine plural second declension; Function: direct object; Translation: and the kidneys; Notes: Organs prescribed for the offering.
  8. cum — Lemma: cum; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs the ablative; Function: accompaniment; Translation: with; Notes: Introduces associated fats.
  9. adipibus — Lemma: adeps; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative masculine plural; Function: object of cum; Translation: fats; Notes: Surrounding fatty portions.
  10. suis — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: ablative masculine plural; Function: modifies adipibus; Translation: their; Notes: Refers back to the kidneys.
  11. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Adds the final item.
  12. reticulum — Lemma: reticulum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative neuter singular second declension; Function: direct object; Translation: the lobe; Notes: Fatty appendage associated with the liver.
  13. iecoris — Lemma: iecur; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive neuter singular third declension; Function: modifies reticulum; Translation: of the liver; Notes: Anatomical specification.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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