Leviticus 11:3

Posted on April 11, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 11:3 Omne quod habet divisam ungulam, et ruminat in pecoribus, comedetis.

Everything that has a divided hoof and chews the cud among the cattle you shall eat.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Omne everything NOM.SG.N
2 quod which REL.NOM.SG.N
3 habet has 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
4 divisam divided ACC.SG.F
5 ungulam hoof ACC.SG.F
6 et and CONJ
7 ruminat chews the cud 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
8 in among PREP+ABL
9 pecoribus the cattle ABL.PL.N
10 comedetis you shall eat 2PL.FUT.ACT.IND

Syntax

Subject: Omne — universal scope
Relative Clause: quod habet divisam ungulam et ruminat — defining characteristics
Domain Phrase: in pecoribus — class limitation
Main Verb: comedetis — permissive command

Morphology

  1. Omne — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective used substantively; Form: nominative neuter singular; Function: subject; Translation: everything; Notes: Establishes totality within the defined class.
  2. quod — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative neuter singular; Function: subject of relative clause; Translation: which; Notes: Refers back to Omne.
  3. habet — Lemma: habeo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present active indicative; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: has; Notes: States possession of physical trait.
  4. divisam — Lemma: divido; Part of Speech: adjective participial; Form: accusative feminine singular; Function: modifies ungulam; Translation: divided; Notes: Indicates split hoof.
  5. ungulam — Lemma: ungula; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative feminine singular; Function: direct object of habet; Translation: hoof; Notes: Anatomical criterion.
  6. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Joins defining traits.
  7. ruminat — Lemma: rumino; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present active indicative; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: chews the cud; Notes: Second required characteristic.
  8. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: domain; Translation: among; Notes: Limits the scope to a class.
  9. pecoribus — Lemma: pecus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative neuter plural; Function: object of in; Translation: the cattle; Notes: Herd animals under consideration.
  10. comedetis — Lemma: comedo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person plural future active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: you shall eat; Notes: Permissive directive expressing allowed consumption.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
This entry was posted in Leviticus. Bookmark the permalink.

Comments are closed.