Leviticus 13:14

Posted on April 13, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 13:14 Quando vero caro vivens in eo apparuerit,

But when living flesh shall appear in him,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Quando when CONJ
2 vero but ADV
3 caro flesh NOM.SG.F
4 vivens living NOM.SG.F PTCP.PRES.ACT
5 in in PREP+ABL
6 eo him ABL.SG.M DEM.PRON
7 apparuerit shall have appeared 3SG.PERF.SUBJ.ACT

Syntax

Temporal Clause: Quando vero caro vivens in eo apparuerit introduces a contrasting temporal condition that modifies the subsequent ruling.
Subject: caro vivens identifies the diagnostic sign of exposed living flesh.
Verb: apparuerit uses the perfect subjunctive to mark a future-contingent observation.
Prepositional Phrase: in eo specifies the person in whom the condition is seen.

Morphology

  1. Quando — Lemma: quando; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: temporal; Function: introduces time clause; Translation: when; Notes: Opens a conditional-temporal scenario.
  2. vero — Lemma: vero; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: marks contrast; Translation: but; Notes: Signals a qualification to the previous case.
  3. caro — Lemma: caro; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject; Translation: flesh; Notes: Refers to exposed living tissue.
  4. vivens — Lemma: vivo; Part of Speech: participle; Form: nominative singular feminine present active; Function: modifies caro; Translation: living; Notes: Distinguishes healthy flesh from diseased tissue.
  5. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: marks location; Translation: in; Notes: Indicates presence within a person.
  6. eo — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of in; Translation: him; Notes: Refers to the inspected individual.
  7. apparuerit — Lemma: appareo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect subjunctive active; Function: verb of temporal clause; Translation: shall have appeared; Notes: Subjunctive anticipates a future observation.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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