Leviticus 13:28

Posted on April 13, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 13:28 sin autem in loco suo candor steterit non satis clarus, plaga combustionis est, et idcirco mundabitur, quia cicatrix est combusturæ.

but if the whiteness has remained in its place not fully bright, it is a burn lesion, and therefore he shall be declared clean, because it is a scar of a burn.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 sin but if CONJ
2 autem however ADV
3 in in PREP+ABL
4 loco place ABL.SG.M
5 suo its own ABL.SG.M POSS.PRON
6 candor whiteness NOM.SG.M
7 steterit has remained 3SG.PERF.SUBJ.ACT
8 non not ADV
9 satis sufficiently ADV
10 clarus bright NOM.SG.M ADJ.POS
11 plaga lesion NOM.SG.F
12 combustionis of a burn GEN.SG.F
13 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
14 et and CONJ
15 idcirco therefore ADV
16 mundabitur he shall be cleansed 3SG.FUT.PASS.IND
17 quia because CONJ
18 cicatrix scar NOM.SG.F
19 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
20 combusturæ of a burn GEN.SG.F

Syntax

Conditional Opening: sin autem introduces the contrasting diagnostic scenario.
Locative Assessment: in loco suo specifies that the discoloration has not spread.
State Description: candor steterit non satis clarus describes a stable but muted whiteness using a perfect subjunctive.
Identification Clause: plaga combustionis est classifies the condition as a burn lesion.
Result and Cause: et idcirco mundabitur gives the ruling followed by quia cicatrix est combusturæ providing the rationale.

Morphology

  1. sin — Lemma: sin; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: conditional; Function: introduces alternative case; Translation: but if; Notes: Marks contrast with the prior ruling.
  2. autem — Lemma: autem; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: adds contrast; Translation: however; Notes: Shifts focus to a different outcome.
  3. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: marks location; Translation: in; Notes: Locative usage.
  4. loco — Lemma: locus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of in; Translation: place; Notes: Refers to the original site.
  5. suo — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive pronoun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: modifies loco; Translation: its own; Notes: Emphasizes lack of spread.
  6. candor — Lemma: candor; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: whiteness; Notes: Visual diagnostic feature.
  7. steterit — Lemma: sto; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect subjunctive active; Function: verb of condition; Translation: has remained; Notes: Indicates stability over time.
  8. non — Lemma: non; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: negates adjective; Translation: not; Notes: Limits the description.
  9. satis — Lemma: satis; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: modifies clarus; Translation: sufficiently; Notes: Expresses degree.
  10. clarus — Lemma: clarus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative singular masculine positive; Function: predicate adjective; Translation: bright; Notes: Less intense whiteness suggests healing.
  11. plaga — Lemma: plaga; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject; Translation: lesion; Notes: Classified condition.
  12. combustionis — Lemma: combustio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: modifies plaga; Translation: of a burn; Notes: Specifies cause.
  13. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present indicative active; Function: copula; Translation: is; Notes: Identifies the condition.
  14. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: links result; Translation: and; Notes: Connects classification to outcome.
  15. idcirco — Lemma: idcirco; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: marks consequence; Translation: therefore; Notes: Logical inference marker.
  16. mundabitur — Lemma: mundo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future passive indicative; Function: verdict verb; Translation: he shall be cleansed; Notes: Formal declaration of purity.
  17. quia — Lemma: quia; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: causal; Function: introduces reason; Translation: because; Notes: Grounds the verdict.
  18. cicatrix — Lemma: cicatrix; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject of explanation; Translation: scar; Notes: Healed mark.
  19. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present indicative active; Function: copula; Translation: is; Notes: States fact.
  20. combusturæ — Lemma: combustura; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: modifies cicatrix; Translation: of a burn; Notes: Identifies origin.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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