Leviticus 13:29

Posted on April 13, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 13:29 Vir, sive mulier, in cuius capite vel barba germinaverit lepra, videbit eos sacerdos.

A man, or a woman, in whose head or beard leprosy has arisen, the priest shall examine them.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Vir man NOM.SG.M
2 sive or CONJ
3 mulier woman NOM.SG.F
4 in in PREP+ABL
5 cuius whose GEN.SG REL.PRON
6 capite head ABL.SG.N
7 vel or CONJ
8 barba beard ABL.SG.F
9 germinaverit has arisen 3SG.PERF.SUBJ.ACT
10 lepra leprosy NOM.SG.F
11 videbit he shall examine 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
12 eos them ACC.PL.M PERS.PRON
13 sacerdos priest NOM.SG.M

Syntax

Subject: Vir sive mulier presents the inclusive legal subject.
Relative Phrase: in cuius capite vel barba specifies the bodily location under assessment.
Relative Clause: germinaverit lepra states the condition using a perfect subjunctive in a legal description.
Main Clause: videbit eos sacerdos assigns priestly inspection as the authoritative action.

Morphology

  1. Vir — Lemma: vir; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: man; Notes: Represents the male case within the law.
  2. sive — Lemma: sive; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces alternative; Translation: or; Notes: Links mutually inclusive options.
  3. mulier — Lemma: mulier; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject coordinated with vir; Translation: woman; Notes: Explicitly includes the female case.
  4. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: marks location; Translation: in; Notes: Locative use.
  5. cuius — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: genitive singular; Function: modifies capite and barba; Translation: whose; Notes: Refers back to the person examined.
  6. capite — Lemma: caput; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of in; Translation: head; Notes: One of the specified locations.
  7. vel — Lemma: vel; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces alternative location; Translation: or; Notes: Offers an additional diagnostic site.
  8. barba — Lemma: barba; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: object of in by ellipsis; Translation: beard; Notes: Distinct male facial area requiring assessment.
  9. germinaverit — Lemma: germino; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect subjunctive active; Function: verb of the relative clause; Translation: has arisen; Notes: Suggests visible emergence.
  10. lepra — Lemma: lepra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject of germinaverit; Translation: leprosy; Notes: The condition under investigation.
  11. videbit — Lemma: video; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative active; Function: main verb; Translation: he shall examine; Notes: Conveys official inspection.
  12. eos — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: them; Notes: Refers to the persons subject to examination.
  13. sacerdos — Lemma: sacerdos; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of videbit; Translation: priest; Notes: Authorized judge of ritual purity.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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