Leviticus 15:21

Posted on April 15, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 15:21 et in quo dormierit vel sederit diebus separationis suæ, polluetur.

and whatever she shall have slept on or sat on during the days of her separation, shall be defiled.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 et and CONJ
2 in on PREP+ABL
3 quo which ABL.SG.N REL
4 dormierit shall have slept 3SG.FUTP.ACT.IND
5 vel or CONJ
6 sederit shall have sat 3SG.FUTP.ACT.IND
7 diebus days ABL.PL.M
8 separationis of separation GEN.SG.F
9 suæ her own GEN.SG.F POSS.PRON
10 polluetur shall be defiled 3SG.FUT.PASS.IND

Syntax

Coordinating Link: et continues the prior regulation.
Relative Locative: in quo dormierit vel sederit defines any object affected by contact through lying or sitting.
Temporal Frame: diebus separationis suæ restricts the condition to the period of separation.
Main Predicate: polluetur states the resulting ritual status.

Morphology

  1. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Connects this rule with the preceding statement.
  2. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: locative relation; Translation: on; Notes: Indicates contact with a surface.
  3. quo — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of in; Translation: which; Notes: Refers to an unspecified object or place.
  4. dormierit — Lemma: dormio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future perfect indicative active; Function: verb of the relative clause; Translation: shall have slept; Notes: Completed action causing defilement.
  5. vel — Lemma: vel; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: alternative coordination; Translation: or; Notes: Presents an equivalent condition.
  6. sederit — Lemma: sedeo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future perfect indicative active; Function: verb of the relative clause; Translation: shall have sat; Notes: Parallel to dormierit.
  7. diebus — Lemma: dies; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural masculine; Function: ablative of time; Translation: days; Notes: Indicates duration.
  8. separationis — Lemma: separatio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: dependent genitive; Translation: of separation; Notes: Ritual state prescribed by the law.
  9. suæ — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive pronoun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: modifies separationis; Translation: her own; Notes: Reflexive reference to the woman.
  10. polluetur — Lemma: polluo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative passive; Function: main predicate; Translation: shall be defiled; Notes: Passive form emphasizes the resulting condition.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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