Leviticus 18:27

Posted on April 18, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 18:27 Omnes enim execrationes istas fecerunt accolæ terræ qui fuerunt ante vos, et polluerunt eam.

For all these abominations were committed by the inhabitants of the land who were before you, and they defiled it.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Omnes all ACC.PL.F.ADJ
2 enim for CONJ
3 execrationes abominations ACC.PL.F
4 istas these ACC.PL.F.DEM
5 fecerunt they-did 3PL.PERF.ACT.IND
6 accolæ inhabitants NOM.PL.M
7 terræ of-the-land GEN.SG.F
8 qui who NOM.PL.M.REL
9 fuerunt were 3PL.PERF.ACT.IND
10 ante before PREP+ACC
11 vos you ACC.PL.PERS
12 et and CONJ
13 polluerunt they-defiled 3PL.PERF.ACT.IND
14 eam it ACC.SG.F.PRON

Syntax

Explanatory Clause: Omnes enim execrationes istas fecerunt — causal statement grounding the warning
Subject: accolæ terræ — those dwelling in the land previously
Relative Clause: qui fuerunt ante vos — temporal identification of prior inhabitants
Coordinated Result: et polluerunt eam — consequence describing the land’s defilement

Morphology

  1. Omnes — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative feminine plural; Function: modifies execrationes; Translation: all; Notes: Emphasizes totality.
  2. enim — Lemma: enim; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: explanatory connector; Translation: for; Notes: Introduces justification.
  3. execrationes — Lemma: execratio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative feminine plural, third declension; Function: direct object; Translation: abominations; Notes: Strong term for detestable acts.
  4. istas — Lemma: iste; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: accusative feminine plural; Function: modifies execrationes; Translation: these; Notes: Points to specific practices.
  5. fecerunt — Lemma: facio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural perfect indicative active; Function: main predicate; Translation: they did; Notes: Completed actions of the past.
  6. accolæ — Lemma: accola; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative masculine plural; Function: subject; Translation: inhabitants; Notes: Those dwelling permanently.
  7. terræ — Lemma: terra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive feminine singular; Function: dependent genitive; Translation: of the land; Notes: Specifies location.
  8. qui — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative masculine plural; Function: subject of relative clause; Translation: who; Notes: Refers to the inhabitants.
  9. fuerunt — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural perfect indicative active; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: were; Notes: Marks prior existence.
  10. ante — Lemma: ante; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing accusative; Function: temporal precedence; Translation: before; Notes: Indicates earlier time.
  11. vos — Lemma: vos; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: accusative plural; Function: object of ante; Translation: you; Notes: Addresses Israel.
  12. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Links consequences.
  13. polluerunt — Lemma: polluo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural perfect indicative active; Function: coordinated predicate; Translation: they defiled; Notes: Moral and ritual contamination.
  14. eam — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: accusative feminine singular; Function: direct object; Translation: it; Notes: Refers to the land.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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